1950-2009年中国大陆地区冰雹灾害的时空格局分析  

Study on Spatio-temporal Pattern of Hail Disaster in China Mainland From 1950 to 2009

作　　者：赵金涛[1] 岳耀杰[2,3] 王静爱[2,3] 尹圆圆[2,3] 冯红英[1] 

机构地区：[1]廊坊师范学院,廊坊065000 [2]北京师范大学地理学与遥感科学学院,北京100875 [3]北京师范大学区域地理研究重点实验室,北京100875

出　　处：《中国农业气象》2015年第1期83-92,共10页Chinese Journal of Agrometeorology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(41271515);国家重点基础研究发展规划项目(2012CB955403)

摘　　要：通过构建中国大陆地区1950-2009年县域单元的冰雹灾害案例数据库,并采用GIS技术,对近60a冰雹灾害发生时间、区域范围、县域频次等进行统计分析,揭示了雹灾的时空格局变化规律。结果表明:(1)中国大陆地区雹灾空间分布呈现一带多区的特点,从东北至西南形成一个雹灾带,有黄土高原、环渤海、东北平原、云贵高原、江淮平原、新疆阿克苏、青海东部和华中地区共8个多雹灾区;(2)雹灾季节变化明显,长江中下游和华南地区雹灾主要集中在2-4月,其它地区集中在5-9月,随着年初至年末月份的变化,多雹灾区呈由南向北推进,然后再南撤的变化过程;(3)1987年以前,年冰雹灾害发生的县次数总体呈上升趋势,1987年之后呈下降趋势,20世纪70年代-90年代中期为雹灾高发期。By widely gathering multi-sources of hail disaster information on coun 2009, the present research established a hail hazard database. For revealing ty level of China mainland from 1950 to the variation rules of spatio-temporal pattern of hail hazard, the hail disaster occurrence time, range and frequency for nearly 60 years were statistical analyzed by using GIS technology. Some significant results were gained. （ 1 ） The spatial distribution of hail disaster in China mainland presents the characteristic of one belt and multi-centers. The belt from northeast to southwest China is the major hail disaster affect area, and eight hail disaster centers, include the Loess Plateau, Bohai Rim, Northeast Plain ,Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau ,Jianghuai Plain, Aksu Prefecture in Xinjiang, eastern Qinghai and Central China, are main areas of hail disaster occurs. （2） The hail disasters occurrence have an obvious seasonal change. In the middle and lower reaches of YangtZe River and South China mainland, hail disasters mainly concentrated in the time period from February to April, but from May to September in other regions. The hail belt has a promotion from south to north and then a retreat from north to south, accompany with the （3） Before 1987, the county numbers occur hail disasters month changes from the beginning to the end of the year. showed overall trend after 1987. In general,the county numbers occur hail disasters were periods. upward trend, then presented a downward fairly high from 1970s to 1990s than other

关 键 词：冰雹灾害 案例数据 时空格局 GIS技术 

分 类 号：P426.64[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]