斜轴式天文望远镜运动特性研究  

Study on the Motion Characteristics of Slant-Axis Astronomical Telescopes

作　　者：娄铮[1,2] 程景全[1,2] 左营喜[1,2] 杨戟[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院紫金山天文台,南京210008 [2]中国科学院射电天文重点实验室,南京210008

出　　处：《天文学报》2015年第2期189-200,共12页Acta Astronomica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(11190014;11373073)资助

摘　　要：相对于传统地平式或赤道式望远镜,斜轴式天文望远镜因其独特的机架结构形式更加适应例如南极等的极端台址环境.但由于这种望远镜形式的应用较少,针对其运动特性的研究还比较缺乏.首先详细讨论了斜轴式望远镜的优缺点,推导了斜轴坐标系与地平和赤道坐标系之间的坐标变换关系,在此基础上研究了斜轴式望远镜在进行恒星跟踪时的运动特性,并与地平式望远镜进行了比较.另外,还研究了斜轴式望远镜的像场旋转特性,并分析了像旋对望远镜天线全息测量的影响.最后,还针对斜轴式望远镜的特点,推导了一套包含7个误差项的指向误差改正模型.Due to its unique rotation mechanism, a slant-axis telescope mount offers better adaptability to extreme site conditions such as Antarctica compared to tradition- al equatorial and altazimuth mounts. However, devoted study on the motion character- istics of the slant-axis mount has not been reported yet. In this paper, the advantages and disadvantages of the slant-axis mount are first discussed, and the transformation relations between the slant-axis coordinate system and the horizontal and equatorial coordinate systems are then derived, based on which the motion characteristics of the slant-axis mount during normal sidereal tracking are studied and compared with altaz- imuth mounts. Image rotation behavior of the slant-axis mount is also studied, and its influence on the reflector holography measurements is analyzed. Finally, a seven-term pointing model suitable for slant-axis telescopes is derived.

关 键 词：望远镜 机架 斜轴 像旋 指向模型 

分 类 号：P111[天文地球—天文学]