番茄和烟草对动植性烟盲蝽生长发育和捕食功能反应的影响  

Effects of tomato and tobacco plants on developmental performances and functional responses of zoophytophagous Nesidiocoris tenuis(Heteroptera: Miridae)

作　　者：盛超[1] 孟玲[1] 许庆辉 李保平[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学植物保护学院/农作物生物灾害综合治理教育部重点实验室,江苏南京210095

出　　处：《南京农业大学学报》2015年第2期261-266,共6页Journal of Nanjing Agricultural University

基　　金：国家公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201103002)

摘　　要：[目的]揭示植物在烟盲蝽(Nesidiocoris tenuis)生长发育和捕食行为中的作用。[方法]采用非选择性饲喂试验,研究斜纹夜蛾幼虫(有、无)和植物(番茄和烟草)食物对于烟盲蝽生长发育的影响,并利用盆栽植物作为小生境,研究烟盲蝽在烟草和番茄上对斜纹夜蛾(Spodoptera litura)低龄幼虫的捕食效应,同时采用RogersⅡ随机捕食者模型估计功能反应模型参数。[结果]在没有斜纹夜蛾幼虫食物的情况下,烟盲蝽仅取食番茄或烟草只能发育到3龄或4龄;而在有斜纹夜蛾幼虫食物的情况下,烟盲蝽可以顺利发育到成虫,烟盲蝽若虫发育历期、存活率、成虫羽化率和雌性比例在取食番茄与烟草食物之间没有显著差异,但取食烟草的子代雌成虫体型大于取食番茄的雌虫。烟盲蝽在烟草和番茄上对斜纹夜蛾低龄幼虫的捕食均符合HollingⅡ型功能反应模型,在相同的猎物密度下其在烟草上的捕食猎物数量多于在番茄上的。烟盲蝽在烟草上对斜纹夜蛾低龄幼虫的攻击率为3.056h-1,处理猎物时间为0.034h;在番茄上的攻击率为2.778h-1,处理猎物时间为0.051h;在烟草与番茄上的攻击率没有显著差异,但在烟草上的处理猎物时间显著短于在番茄上的。[结论]植物食物不仅可影响烟盲蝽的生长发育,而且影响烟盲蝽对蛾类幼虫的捕食行为。[Objectives]We cannot understand predator-prey relationships without understanding the role of plants.This study examined effects of plants on developmental performances of zoophytophagous Nesidiocoris tenuis and on its functional responses to the prey,young caterpillars of Spodoptera litura.The results from this study contribute to biological control practices of insect pests by releasing mass-produced N.tenuis in protected environments and enhancing natural N.tenuis in crop fields.[Methods]We made non-choice trials in laboratory to investigate the role of the prey S.litura larvae（available or not） and plants（tomato or tobacco） as the food in nymphal developmental performances of N.tenuis.We then assessed the functional responses of female adults to different densities of S.litura larvae on potted tomato or tobacco plants,using Rogers type Ⅱ random predator model to fit functional responses and the non-linear least square method to estimate behavioral parameters.[Results]Without feeding S.litura larvae,N.tenuis nymphs developed only to the 3rd（on tomato leaves） or 4th stadium（on tobacco leaves）; but when feeding the larvae,N.tenuis nymphs developed successfully to adult emergence.When S.litura larvae were available,two food plants did not differ in affecting N.tenuis nymphal development time,survival rate,adult emergence rate and female proportion,but did in affecting adult body weight with adults fed tobacco larger than those fed tomato leaves.Our results showed that N.tenuis female exhibited Holling Ⅱ functional responses to prey density on both tobacco and tomato plants,but prey consumption was higher on tobacco than on tomato plants.The attack rate and handling time were estimated respectively as 3.056h^-1 and 0.034h on tobacco plants,and 2.778h^-1 and 0.051h on tomato plants.While the attack rates did not significantly differ between female N.tenuis on tobacco and tomato plants,the handling time was significantly longer on tobacco than on tomato plants.[Conclusions]The results of this st

关 键 词：依赖猎物密度的捕食 捕食行为 天敌 三级营养层关系 捕食蝽 生物防治 

分 类 号：Q968.1[生物学—昆虫学] S476.2[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]