车尾造型对凹坑型非光滑车身气动减阻的影响  

The Influence of Vehicle's Rear-end Styling on the Aerodynamic Drag Reduction of Pit-type Non-smooth Body

作　　者：杨易[1] 聂云[1] 徐永康[1] 谷正气[1] 范光辉[1] 

机构地区：[1]湖南大学,汽车车身先进设计制造国家重点实验室,长沙410082

出　　处：《汽车工程》2015年第3期300-306,共7页Automotive Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51375155);湖南省自然科学基金(13JJ3041);教育部长江学者与创新团队发展计划项目(531105050037)资助

摘　　要：将凹坑型非光滑表面布置在MIRA直背式、斜背式、阶梯背式3种模型的尾部,分析了3种不同车型的尾流结构,研究不同的汽车尾部造型对非光滑车身气动减阻的影响。通过对模型外部流场的数值计算,比较光滑模型和非光滑模型尾部流场、压力、湍动能等参数,对比不同尾部造型非光滑表面流场差异,分析非光滑表面气动减阻的机理,解释不同车尾造型减阻率差异的原因,为进一步研究车身非光滑表面气动减阻效果提供理论依据。Pit-type non-smooth surfaces are adopted for the three types of rear end（ squareback,fastback and notchback） of MIRA model and their wake structures are analyzed to study the effects of different rear-end shapes on the aerodynamic drag reduction of non-smooth car body. Through the numerical calculation of external flow field of models,the flow field,pressure,turbulent kinetic energy and other parameters of rear end of both smooth and non-smooth models are compared. The flow field differences of non-smooth surface of different tail shapes are also compared,the mechanism of aerodynamic drag reduction of non-smooth car body is analyzed,and the reasons for the differences in drag reduction rates of different car tail shapes are explained,providing a theoretical basis for the further research on the aerodynamic drag reduction of non-smooth car body.

关 键 词：尾部造型 气动减阻 非光滑表面 尾流结构 

分 类 号：U461.1[机械工程—车辆工程]