小变形悬架衬套全刚度力学模型的建立与验证  

Verification and construction for mechanical model of complete stiffness of suspension bushing with small deformation

作　　者：陈宝[1,2] 柯坚[1] 陈茜[2] 赵鹏[2] 雷刚[3] 

机构地区：[1]西南交通大学机械工程学院,四川成都610031 [2]重庆理工大学车辆工程学院,重庆400054 [3]重庆理工大学汽车零部件制造及检测技术教育部重点实验室,重庆400054

出　　处：《机械设计》2015年第3期95-99,共5页Journal of Machine Design

基　　金：国家自然科学青年基金资助项目(51205433);重庆市教委科学技术研究资助项目(KJ130817);重庆市基础与前沿研究计划资助项目(cstc2013jcyj A60005);重庆理工大学汽车零部件制造及检测技术教育部重点实验室2012年度开放基金资助项目

摘　　要：鉴于衬套对悬架及整车性能影响较大,以扭力梁后悬架的橡胶-钢衬套为研究对象,先通过有限元分析结合响应面优化算法对相应Yeoh本构模型的多系数寻优,拟合出逼近试验曲线的沿x/y/z三向刚度仿真曲线,为优化后的衬套模型建立新的边界条件,求解拟合出绕x/y/z三向扭转刚度仿真曲线;进一步以扭力梁后悬架的极限扭转为工况,分别对含全6向刚度衬套力学模型和含刚柔耦合预紧衬套模型的扭力梁后悬架进行结构强度分析,两种分析结果均满足材料强度要求,最大应力和最大位移出现位置相同,各自相对误差分别是6.58%和1.27%,工程中属可接受范围。研究表明,在开展小变形范围内的悬架橡胶-钢衬套相关研究时,为达到减小建模工作量、缩短计算时间、不降低计算精度等目的,可以使用简单的全6向刚度衬套力学模型代替其他较复杂衬套模型。The rubber-steel bushing of a twist-beam rear-suspension（TBRS） was taken as a research object for its great influence on the suspension and vehicle. Firstly, the multiple coefficients of the Yeoh-constitutive bushing model were optimized by FEA and adaptive-response-surface-method（ARSM）, and then stiffness simulation curves along x/y/z close to the test curves were fitted. A boundary conditions of the model with optimized coefficients were built to fit torsional stiffness curves around x/y/z.Furthermore, the torsion limit of TBRS was seen as working conditions. And two suspensions with six stiffness model and rigidflexible-coupled pre-loading model were analyzed separately. The results show that two kinds of strength meet the requirements,the maximum stress and displacement appear in the same location, the relative errors are also in permitted engineering area,and the mechanical bushing model with complete stiffness can replace other more complex bushing-models in order to reduce modeling work,shorten time and not decrease calculation accuracy.

关 键 词：橡胶-钢衬套 多系数寻优 扭转刚度 全刚度力学模型 刚柔耦合预紧模型 

分 类 号：U461.6[机械工程—车辆工程] U463.33[交通运输工程—载运工具运用工程]