湿地植物残体与底泥综合利用研究  

A Study on the Comprehensive Utilisation of Wetland Plant Residues and Sediment

作　　者：郑潭 陈建中[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国市政工程中南设计研究总院有限公司第十设计院,汕头515041 [2]昆明理工大学环境科学与工程学院,昆明650093

出　　处：《上海环境科学》2015年第1期26-30,35,共6页Shanghai Environmental Sciences

基　　金：云南省科技计划项目社会事业发展专项(编号:2008CA020)支持

摘　　要：摘要通过应用双室堆沤肥技术，以弥苴河口湿地植物残体、湿地底泥和当地养殖业废物制作双室堆沤肥，按不同的物料配比设计5种施肥处理进行还田试验，与习惯施肥作对照，对施肥前后的大青菜产量品质、土壤肥力以及根际土壤微生物进行应用效果对比研究。结果表明，施肥方式A：（50％～60％）植物残体（收割物）＋（40％～50％）养殖业废物＋微生物菌剂（3kg／t），活性液体肥作追肥，农药同习惯施肥，对增加大青菜产量、提高大青菜品质、增加土壤肥力和改善土壤微生态环境效果最好。在实际应用当中也可适当增加10％～20％的湿地底泥，相应减少养殖业废物的数量，对大青菜产量的影响不明显。Dual-chamber composting heap technology was applied to dealing with plant residues and sediment of Miju River estuary wetlands as well as local livestock rearing wastes to produce the compost. Five different material ratios were designed in fertiliser processing and applied to field test to compare with the conventional practice. The effects on the Sonchus yield and quality as well as soil fertility and rhizospheric microorganisms before and after the fertilisation have been studied. The results showed that a fertilisation mode with 50% to 60% of plant residues （harvesting material）, 40% to 50% of rearing wastes, 3 kg/t of microbial agents, active liquid manure as topdressing, and conventional pesticide application could increase the yields and improve the quality of Sonchus, enhance the soil fertility and improve soil micro-environment the best. In practical applications, the dose of wetland sediment could be properly increased 10% to 20% and rearing wastes could be accordingly reduced whilst no si.qnificant effect would be on the vegetable yields.

关 键 词：湿地有机肥 双室堆沤肥 大青菜 应用效果 

分 类 号：S153.62[农业科学—土壤学]