抗白粉病黄瓜品种的叶片组织结构及其生理生化  

Physiological and biochemical mechanism of cucumber cultivars resistant to powdery mildew and their differences in microstructure of leaves

作　　者：陈夕军[1] 朱键鑫[1] 陈羽[1] 张青[1,2] 张家豪[1] 张孝然[1] 黄奔立[1] 

机构地区：[1]扬州大学园艺与植物保护学院,江苏扬州225009 [2]苏州市农业科学院,江苏苏州215155

出　　处：《江苏农业学报》2015年第1期55-61,共7页Jiangsu Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：江苏省农业科技自主创新基金项目[CX(12)3019];江苏省自然科学基金项目(BK2010305)

摘　　要：为明确不同黄瓜品种对白粉病的抗性机制,采用组织切片和田间接种的方法,从近130份种质中筛选出高抗(GY14A、GY4)、中抗(津春4号、津优30号)、中感(W12757、仪黄)、高感(DE843、平望乳瓜)黄瓜品种各2份,并对8份黄瓜品种的形态结构与抗性生理生化进行研究。结果表明,高抗品种叶片组织结构紧凑,栅栏组织排列整齐、紧密,且细胞壁较厚;而高感品种则细胞壁较薄,叶片组织间出现大量空隙;中抗和中感品种虽具清晰的栅栏组织,但空隙较大,说明叶片组织细胞的排列整齐和紧密度以及细胞壁的厚度与黄瓜品种对白粉病的抗性密切相关。病原菌接种后,抗性品种体内防御酶活性上升速度与幅度都明显高于感病品种,且过氧化物酶(POD)同功酶谱带较深,H2O2积累较慢。另外,抗性品种叶片中可溶性蛋白质含量明显高于感病品种,而可溶性糖含量则明显低于感病品种,还原糖含量无明显差异。To define the resistance mechanism of cucumber to powdery mildew,eight cucumber cultivars,selected from near 130 cultivars with different resistance levels to powdery mildew,were involved to research the differences of microstructures and physiological and biochemical indexes. Cucumber cultivars GY14 A and GY4 are highly resistant,Jinchun No. 4 and Jinyou No. 30 are moderately resistant,W12737 and Yihuang are moderately susceptible,and DE843 and Pingwangrugua are highly susceptible. The highly resistant cultivars showed arranged palisade tissues thick cell walls while the highly susceptible cultivars exhibited thin cell walls and a great number of interspaces among cells. The palisade tissues were clearly seen in moderately resistant and susceptible cultivars,however,with large interspaces among the cells. The results indicated that the resistance levels of cucumber cultivars were associated with the arrangement and compactness of leaf cells and the thickness of their cell walls. After inoculation with Sphaerotheca fuliginea, the increases of defense enzymes activities of resistant cultivars were greater than those of susceptible cultivars. The bands of POD isozymes of resistant cultivars were much darker,and the accumulations of H2O2 were slower. In addition,the contents of soluble proteins in the resistant cultivars were higher than those in the susceptible cultivars while the soluble sugar contents were lower. The reducing sugar contents had no obvious difference.

关 键 词：组织结构 生理生化机制 白粉病 抗病性 黄瓜 

分 类 号：S436.421.12[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]