根际浇灌ALA溶液对苹果叶片生理特性与果实品质的影响  

Effects of rhizosphere-applied 5-aminolevulinic acid(ALA) solutions on leaf physiological characteristics and fruit quality of apples

作　　者：张丽颖[1] 冯新新[1] 高晶晶[1] 安玉艳[1] 田凡 李洁 张治平[1] 汪良驹[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学园艺学院,江苏南京210095 [2]江苏省丰县临风果蔬专业合作社,江苏徐州221723

出　　处：《江苏农业学报》2015年第1期158-165,共8页Jiangsu Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31101505);国家自然科学基金项目(31401820);江苏省苏北科技发展计划项目(BN2012035);江苏省自然科学青年基金项目(BK20140702)

摘　　要：为了探讨5-氨基乙酰丙酸(ALA)在苹果生产上有效的使用方法,本研究以秦阳品种为材料,设置0.1 mg/L、1.0 mg/L和10.0 mg/L 3个浓度,以清水为对照,从4月底到6月底,每月根灌1次ALA溶液,分析不同处理对苹果叶片叶绿素含量、叶绿素快速荧光特性、活性氧代谢、矿质营养元素以及果实品质的效应。结果表明,根灌ALA溶液可以显著提高苹果叶片叶绿素含量、光合能量转换效率和抗氧化酶活性,缓解活性氧伤害,降低叶片中P、K、Na等元素含量,增加Ca、Mg、Fe、Cu、Zn等元素含量,提高果皮花青苷含量和果肉可溶性糖含量等品质指标。以上结果说明,根际浇灌ALA可以有效影响到叶片叶绿素含量和叶片光合能量转化效率,并最终改善果品品质。与叶面喷施不同的是,根际浇灌可以避开叶面喷施对果袋对药液的阻碍,因而,ALA溶液根灌可以在不解袋的苹果生产中也推广应用。To develop an effective approach for 5-aminolevulinic acid（ ALA） application in high-quality apple production,twenty apple（ Malus domestica Borkh. cv. Qinyang） trees were rhizosphere-applied monthly from late April to late June with 0. 1 mg / L,1. 0 mg / L and 10. 0 mg / L 5-aminolevulinic acid（ ALA） solutions,and water was set as control. The leaf physiological parameters were measured one month after last application,and fruit quality was evaluated at maturity.The results showed that ALA applications significantly improved leaf chlorophyll content,increased photosynthetic energy conversion efficiency,and alleviated active oxygen injury. Meanwhile,ALA treatments decreased the contents of phosphorus,potassium and sodium,but boosted the contents of calcium,magnesium,iron,copper and zinc in apple leaves,and improved the pericarp anthocyanin content and the soluble sugar content in flesh. These data suggest that rhizosphereapplied ALA solution was as effective as foliar-applied in improving leaf chlorophyll accumulation and photosynthetic energy conversion,as well as promoting fruit quality. As opposed to foliar application which has a problem of ALA blockage by bags,rhizosphere irrigation of ALA in both bagged and unbagged apple production practice.

关 键 词：ALA 苹果 抗氧化活性 叶绿素荧光 果实品质 矿质营养元素 

分 类 号：S661.1[农业科学—果树学]