赤水河上游森林植物群落物种多样性研究  

Characristics of species diversity of plant communities in the upper reaches of Chishui river

作　　者：喻阳华[1] 肖卫平[1,2] 严令斌[1] 喻理飞[1] 黄宗胜[1] 

机构地区：[1]贵州大学林学院,贵州贵阳550025 [2]江西省林业调查规划研究院,江西南昌330046

出　　处：《广东农业科学》2015年第2期142-145,174,共5页Guangdong Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：贵州茅台科技联合基金(黔科合茅科联字[2009]7007);赤水河上游退化植被水源涵养功能评价及恢复对策(2013-09);贵州大学人才引进项目(贵大人基合字[2013]02)

摘　　要：赤水河流域上游国酒特殊水源保护区是水源涵养林工程重点地区之一。根据样地调查资料,运用4种常用的物种多样性指数对调查林分乔木层、灌木层和草本层的物种多样性进行研究,分析了该地区森林植物群落物种多样性的特征。结果表明:随着灌草群落阶段Ⅰ、灌丛群落阶段Ⅱ、灌木群落阶段Ⅲ、乔林群落阶段Ⅳ和次顶极群落阶段Ⅴ的演替进展,群落高度逐渐增加,同时结构趋于复杂;各阶段灌木层较乔木层和草本层物种组成丰富、多样性高。Shannon-Wiener多样性指数、Margalef指数、Pielou指数的排序与物种数量的排序一致,Simpson指数则相反。乔林群落阶段Ⅳ的物种组成最复杂,适宜灌木和草本生长,为森林群落结构调整提供依据。总体而言,该区植物多样性指数不高,应采取合理森林经营及适度人为干扰措施,提高森林群落植物多样性,促进水源涵养和水土保持等功能的恢复。Chinese wine special water conservation area in the upper reaches of Chishui river is one of the key areas of water conservation forest project.Based on the survey and thedata from 27 plots,characteristics of forest plantdiversity in the upper reaches of Chishui River arediscussed.Four plantdiversity indexes are introduced to compare the speciesdiversity of tree layer,shrub layer and herb layer.The results show that community height increase gradually,the structure tend to be complex,species abundance anddiversity of shrub layer is higher than those of tree layer and herb layer at every stage with the succession of grass community stageⅠ,bushwood community stageⅡ,shrub community stage Ⅲ,high-forest community stage Ⅳ and sub-climax community stage Ⅴ.Sortings of Shannon-Wienerdiversity index,Margalef index and Pielou index is consistent with that of species numbers,sorting of Simpson index are contrary to that of species number.High-forest community Ⅳ has the most complex species composition,it is suitable to the grow of shrub and herbs,and provide the basis for the structure adjustment of forest community.On the whole,plantdiversity indexes are not high in this area,so forest management and humandisturbance measures should be adopted to improve the speciesdiversity of plant communities,recover the function of water conservation and water and soil conservation.

关 键 词：植物多样性 结构特征 演替 国酒特殊水源保护区 

分 类 号：S718.542[农业科学—林学]