新疆抗虫棉区域棉铃虫庇护所的评估  

Evaluation of the Refuge for Cotton Bollworm(Helicoverpa armigera) in Xinjiang

作　　者：李娜[1] 刘艳[1] 冯丽凯[1] 王佩玲[1] 吕昭智[2] 

机构地区：[1]石河子大学农学院植保系,新疆石河子832000 [2]中国科学院干旱区生物地理与生物资源重点实验室/新疆生态与地理研究所,乌鲁木齐830011

出　　处：《新疆农业科学》2015年第2期263-267,274,共6页Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家国际科技合作专项(2011DFA33170);中国科学院院地合作专项(XBXJ-2011-029)

摘　　要：【目的】转Bt基因抗虫棉大规模种植以来，棉铃虫对转基因棉花抗性风险在逐渐上升，“庇护所”是抗性治理的有效策略之一，玉米被认为是我国棉区重要的庇护所，在新疆兵团和地方作物结构、耕作制度不同的情况下，系统评估玉米的庇护所功能。【方法】基于新疆作物种植统计数据（2002～2012），通过时间序列分析、评估不同地区和不同管理模式下（兵团规模化种植和地方小农户模式下），玉米种植面积变化对庇护所功能的影响，并采用方差分析南、北疆的兵团和地方之间是否存在差异性。【结果】南、北疆的庇护所—玉米种植面积间无明显差异性（P＞0.05），兵团和对应地方间存在差异性（P＜0.01），兵团种植比例小于地方。【结论】玉米作为棉铃虫有效庇护所不仅需要在景观尺度上考虑其种植规模和空间分布，同时在田间尺度上结合棉铃虫的生物学特性，合理布局不同的品种资源（不同熟性）和种植模式（春玉米和夏玉米；条带种植和条块种植）。【Objective】Transgenic cotton expressing Bacillus thuringiensis（ Bt） toxins has been widely cultivated for a long period of time,therefore,there is the potential problem for cotton bollworm Helicoverpa armigera,to develop resistance to transgenic Bt cotton. Refuge was considered as an effective management for resistance control in China,maize as an important agent acting that role. So,the project aims to explore the function of maize through comparison of the difference about crops structure and agriculture system between reclamation and corresponding areas in Xinjiang.【Method】The changes of planting area of maize which had been considered as the main host used as refuge were evaluated in different areas（ Northern Xinjiang,Southern Xinjiang,reclamation and corresponding areas） by two- way ANOVA based on date 2002- 2012. 【Result】Results showed that there had no significant differences existing in Northern and Southern Xinjiang（ P 0. 05）,but a crucial difference with the onset of planting maize appeared in reclamation and corresponding areas（ P 0. 01）.【Conclusion】It is remarkably important to consider planting scale,distributed space of maize,biologi-cal characteristics of cotton bollworm and sensitive cotton bollworm before chosing feasible germplasm and reasonable planting model of maize which might contribute to diluting and delaying the resistance by cotton bollworm,above all,this basic research would be likely to provide a solid evidence for the sustainable development of resistance on transgenic Bt cotton in Xinjiang Region.

关 键 词：棉铃虫 玉米 转基因抗虫棉花 抗性治理 

分 类 号：S435.62[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]