不同种植模式对棉田土壤物理性状及产量的影响  

Effects of Planting Patterns on Soil Physical Properties and the Yield of Cotton

作　　者：王娟[1] 江天才[1] 万素梅[1] 

机构地区：[1]塔里木大学植物科学学院,新疆阿拉尔843300

出　　处：《新疆农业科学》2015年第2期312-316,共5页Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31260309);兵团科技援疆项目(2014AB017)

摘　　要：【目的】探明枣棉间作农业复合系统的生产潜力,提高复合系统作济效益。【方法】通过两年田间试验,基于三个种植模式和四个灌水量,研究间作系统中棉花不同种植模式和灌水量条件下土壤物理性状、产量的变化规律。【结果】（1）M1模式（距红枣行1.5 m种植棉花）0~40 cm土层土壤含水量偏低,W1（250 m3/667 m2）处理60~100 cm土壤含水量较低。（2）三种种植模式小区土壤容重随灌水量的增加而增大。M1模式表层土壤（0~20 cm）和下层土壤（20~40 cm）容重波动较大,而M3模式（距离红枣行0.5 m处种植棉花）试验小区不同土层土壤较稳定。（3）同一模式下,棉花产量最高的是W2（300 m3/667m2）;同一灌水量处理下,产量最高的是M3模式,经济效益最高的是M2模式（距红枣行1.0 m处种植棉花）。【结论】距幼龄红枣行1.0 m处种植棉花配合滴灌水量300 m3/667m2利于棉田土壤发挥最大生产潜力,也利于提高复合系统经济效益。【Objective】In order to investigate the potential of jujube intercropping cotton agricultural production complex systems and improve economic efficiency of complex system. 【Method】Research the effects of planting patterns and irrigation volume on soil physical properties and yield of cotton through two years of field trials,based on three cropping patterns and four irrigation amaunt through two years of field trials. 【Result】（1） Under the M1 mode,0- 40 cm soil layer soil moisture was low; 60- 100 cm soil moisture was low under 250 m3/667 m2 irrigation volume.（2） At soil layer of 0- 20 cm,with the increase of irrigation water,the soil bulk density increased in different planting patterns. M1 planting patter,the fluctuation of surface layer and soil deep layer bulk density was relative heavy,however,in M3 planting pattern,at different soil layers it was relatively steady.（3） Under the same pattern,the highest cotton yield came out under the 300 m3/667m2;by the same amount of irrigation treatment,the highest yield was M3 model,the highest economic efficiency was M2 model.【Conclusion】Planting cotton away from 1. 0 m from young wild jujube in combination with irrigation water volume 300 m3/667 m2 was not only conducive to maximize production potential,but also beneficial to enhance single cotton yield,thus improving the economic efficiency of complex systems.

关 键 词：复合系统 棉花 种植模式 灌水量 土壤容重 产量 

分 类 号：S562[农业科学—作物学] S152.5