气体甲醛胁迫对蚕豆保卫细胞中过氧化氢的积累和气孔导度及开度的影响  

Effects of Gaseous Formaldehyde Stress on the Accumulation of Hydrogen Peroxide in Guard Cells and the Stomata Conductance and Aperture of Vicia faba

作　　者：孙慧群[1,2] 周升恩 吴怀胜[1] 李昆志[1] 陈丽梅[1] 

机构地区：[1]昆明理工大学生命科学与技术学院,昆明呈贡650500 [2]安庆师范学院资源环境系,安徽安庆246011

出　　处：《植物生理学报》2015年第2期246-252,共7页Plant Physiology Journal

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(30970263)

摘　　要：以蚕豆为材料,考察气体甲醛(HCHO)胁迫对保卫细胞H2O2积累和叶片气孔导度、开度的影响。结果表明:气体HCHO胁迫增加了叶片中H_2O_2的积累,荧光显微分析发现在较低浓度(0.2~0.4μmol·L^(-1))气体HCHO胁迫下,保卫细胞中增加的H_2O_2主要分布在细胞质中,高浓度(0.8~1.6μmol·L^(-1))气体HCHO胁迫不仅增加保卫细胞质中H_2O_2的积累,而且显著增加叶绿体中H_2O_2的含量及积累H_2O_2的叶绿体数量,这说明在高浓度气体HCHO胁迫下蚕豆保卫细胞中增加的H_2O_2主要来源于叶绿体和细胞质。保卫细胞中H_2O_2积累的增加显著降低蚕豆的气孔导度和开度,从而导致蚕豆HCHO吸收效率下降。气体HCHO胁迫下叶片中抗氧化酶活性的变化可能是H_2O_2积累增加的主要原因,气体HCHO胁迫显著增强叶片中CAT和SOD的活性,但只有低浓度HCHO胁迫诱导叶片POD活性,叶片APX对HCHO胁迫很敏感,低浓度的气体HCHO对叶片APX活性都有显著的抑制作用。Using Viciafaba as the material, effects of gaseous formaldehyde （HCHO） stress on the accumula- tion of H2O2 in guard cells, the stomata conductance and aperture were investigated. The results showed that the gaseous HCHO stress increased the accumulation of H2O2 in leaves. The fluorescence microscopic analysis in- dicated that the increased H2O2 in guard cells mainly distributed in the cytoplasm under low levels （0.2-0.4 μmol·L-1） of gaseous HCHO stress. High levels （0.8-1.6 μmol·L-1） of gaseous HCHO stress significantly in- creased not only the accumulation of H2O2 in the cytoplasm of guard cells but also the content of H2O2 in chlo- roplasts and the number of H2OE-accumulated chloroplasts. The data suggested that the accumulated H2O2 in guard cells mainly originated from chloroplasts and the cytoplasm under high levels of gaseous HCHO stress. The accumulation of H2O2 in guard cells significantly decreased the stomatal conductance and aperture, leading to a decline in the HCHO absorption efficiency of Efaba. The accumulation of H2O2 in leaves might originate from the changes of antioxidant enzyme activities in leaves under gaseous HCHO stress. The gaseous HCHO stress significantly enhanced the activitkies of CAT and SOD in leaves. However, only low levels of gaseous HCHO induced the activity of POD. APX was sensitive to HCHO stress and even a low level of HCHO stress could inhibit its activity remarkably.

关 键 词：气体甲醛胁迫 蚕豆 保卫细胞 过氧化氢积累 抗氧化酶 

分 类 号：Q945.78[生物学—植物学]