根区温度与氮素形态互作对烟株生物量和烟碱积累的影响  

Effects of Temperature and Nitrogen Form Interaction at Root Area on Accumulation of Biomass and Nicotine in Flue-cured Tobacco

作　　者：邱尧[1,2] 周冀衡[1,2] 黄劭理 李强 张毅[1,2] 刘晓颖[1] 

机构地区：[1]湖南农业大学烟草研究院,长沙市芙蓉区农大路1号410128 [2]湖南农业大学生物科学技术学院,长沙市芙蓉区农大路1号410128

出　　处：《烟草科技》2015年第3期19-22,52,共5页Tobacco Science & Technology

基　　金：红云红河烟草(集团)有限责任公司科技项目"云南原料基地单元烤烟品种立体优化布局研究"(HYHH2012YL03);湖南省研究生科研创新项目"去除顶端优势对烟草生物碱和钾素吸收分配的影响及调控技术研究"(CX2014B289)

摘　　要：为了揭示根区温度对烤烟烟碱积累的影响机制,通过盆栽试验研究了根区温度(10,18,26和35℃)与氮素形态(100%NH4-N,50%NH4-N+50%NO3--N和100%NO3--N)互作对烤烟生物量和烟碱积累的影响。结果表明:适当提高根区温度可增加烟株生物量,NO3--N比NH4-N更有利于烟株的生长。当根区温度为35℃时,供应100%NH4-N和50%NH4-N+50%NO3--N的烟株生长受到抑制,而供应100%NO3--N的烟株生长旺盛。氮素形态对烟株生物量的影响大于根区温度。烟株的烟碱积累量在根区温度为18℃时达到最大,供应100%NO3--N的烟株烟碱积累量是供应100%NH4-N烟株的1.64倍,施用NO3--N有利于烟碱的合成。当根区温度为35℃时,烟株的烟碱合成受到抑制。根区温度对烟碱积累的影响大于氮素形态。In order to reveal the effects of rhizosphere temperature on the nicotine accumulation in flue-cured tobacco, the interaction effects of rhizosphere temperature（10, 18, 26, 35 ℃） and nitrogen form（100% NH4^＋-N, 50% NH4^＋-N＋50% NO3^--N, 100% NO3^--N） on the accumulation of biomass and nicotine in flue-cured tobacco were studied with a pot experiment. The results showed that the biomass in tobacco plants was increased by rising rhizosphere temperature properly; NO3^--N was more beneficial to plant growth than NH4^＋-N. At the rhizosphere temperature of 35 ℃, 100% NH4^＋-N and 50% NH4^＋-N＋50% NO3^--N, the growth of tobacco plants was restrained, while the plants fertilized by 100% NO3^--N grew vigorously. Nitrogen form affected the biomass content in tobacco plants more significantly than did rhizospheretemperature. The nicotine accumulation in tobacco plant peaked at the rhizosphere temperature of 18 ℃. The nicotine content in plants fertilized by 100% NO3^--N was 1.64 times that by 100%NH4^＋-N, which indicated that NO3^--N application promoted the synthesis of nicotine. At the rhizosphere temperature of 35 ℃, the synthesis of nicotine was restrained. Rhizosphere temperature affected nicotine accumulation more significantly than did nitrogen form.

关 键 词：烟草 根区温度 氮素形态 生物量 烟碱 

分 类 号：S572.01[农业科学—烟草工业]