灌区灌溉用水量分布式优化模型及应用  

Distributed Annual Irrigation Optimization Model of Irrigation Area Scale and Applications

作　　者：王莹[1] 彭世彰[2] 陈芸 杨士红[2] 高晓丽[2] 杨鑫[1] 

机构地区：[1]云南农业大学水利学院,云南昆明650201 [2]河海大学水文水资源与水利工程科学国家重点实验室,江苏南京210098 [3]澳大利亚联邦科工组织水土研究所

出　　处：《人民黄河》2015年第4期145-148,共4页Yellow River

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51349010);国家重点实验室开放基金资助项目(2012490311);水利部公益性行业科研专项(201201025);云南省教育厅科学研究基金资助项目(2012Y373)

摘　　要：以传统灌区灌溉用水优化配置理论为基础,采用优化方法与GIS相结合的手段,建立灌区年灌溉用水量分布式优化模型。该模型以灌区为研究尺度,以栅格为优化单元,以每个栅格的年灌溉用水量为决策变量,并以澳大利亚马兰比季大型灌区作为验证实例。优化结果显示,灌区灌溉总用水量减少15 339万m3,产量增加8 423.8万kg,水分生产效率提高0.5 kg/m3,灌溉净效益增加18 530.2万澳元。优化后灌区灌溉用水配置方案更加合理,展示更加直观。该模型同样适用于国内大型灌区。Distributed annual irrigation optimization model (DAIOM)was established based on the theories of traditional irrigation optimiza-tion models. Optimization approaches were combined with GIS in DAIOM. Irrigation area scale was selected in this model. Raster was select-ed as an optimization unit. Annual irrigation amount in each raster was decision variables. The DAIOM was applied to Murrumbidgee Irriga-tion Area (MIA)in Australia to test the performance of DAIOM. Optimization results show that the total water used for irrigation reduces 1. 53 × 108 m3 ,yields increase 8. 42 × 107 kg,water production increases 0. 5 kg/m3 ,net irrigation benefits increase 1. 85 × 108 . Optimized distribution patterns are more reasonable and expressions are more various. This model is also suitable for irrigation areas in China.

关 键 词：灌溉用水量 时空分配 分布式优化模型 大型灌区 

分 类 号：S274.3[农业科学—农业水土工程]