科学争论的社会建构——对比三种研究路线  

Social Construction of Science Controversies——A Systematic Comparison Between Three Research Routes

作　　者：贾鹤鹏 闫隽[2] 

机构地区：[1]美国康乃尔大学传播学系 [2]华中科技大学新闻与信息传播学院

出　　处：《科学与社会》2015年第1期91-103,90,共14页Science and Society

摘　　要：因科学争论为科学社会学、科学知识社会学(SSK)及科技与社会研究提供了观察社会因素如何影响科学进程的独特视角和素材,这一领域得到了科技研究领域学者的广泛研究,SSK学者更是通过争议研究奠定了影响深远的科学的社会建构理论。学界对科学争议研究多有介绍与梳理,但既往述评忽视了经典科学社会学、SSK以及探究科技争议的社会政治影响这三种主要的争议研究路线的差异与联系,也未系统分析科学的社会特性对不同类型争议的影响。本研究以考察科学争议的社会性为线索,分析对比了上述三种研究路线,并探讨了SSK学者所倡导的科学的社会建构在分析公共科学争端时的局限性。Due to their provision of a specific version for scholars to observe how social factors impact scientific process, science and technology （S＆T） controversies have long been highlighted among research in Mertonian sociology of science, sociology of scientific knowledge （SSK） and science, technology ＆ society （STS）. And based on the studies of controversies, SSK scholars established the far-reaching theory of social construction of science. But previous research have neglectedthe differences and links between controversy studies in sociology of science, SSK and STS. Neither has they systematically explored the impact of social characteristics of science on different types of S＆T controversies. Based on the clue of investigating the soeiality of scientific eontroversy, this paper makes a comparison between the three research routes, and discusses the limitations of the social construction of science theory in analyzing public scientific controversy.

关 键 词：科技争议 科学发现优先权 科学社会学 科学知识社会学 科学的社会建构 

分 类 号：G301[文化科学]