2011-2013年北京市大兴区托幼机构和学校的水痘流行病学分析  

Analysis on epidemiological characteristic of varicella among kindergartens and schools in Daxing district of Beijing, 2011-2013

作　　者：侯文俊[1] 宋新[1] 李冬梅[1] 韩江涛[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京市大兴区疾病预防控制中心,北京102600

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2015年第7期1217-1219,共3页Modern Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：目的了解北京市大兴区托幼机构、学校学生水痘发病特点,为进一步做好学校、托幼机构水痘防控工作提供依据。方法收集2011-2013年北京市大兴区水痘个案病例和暴发疫情资料,采用描述流行病学方法分析流行病学特征。结果 2011-2013年北京市大兴区累计报告3 168例,年平均发病率75.06/10万,托幼儿童、学校学生水痘病例1 763例,占病例的55.65%;冬春季高发,男女性别发病比例1.49∶1,以小学段高发,占47.87%,自小学段起随着学段的提升,学生水痘发病率呈现下降趋势;接种Var V者的发热、出疹程度较未接种Var V者轻,80.52%的病例接种Var V与发病间隔≥3年;暴发疫情多发生在小学。结论应加强冬春季小学校学生水痘监测,努力提高Var V的免疫接种率,以降低水痘发病率、减少暴发疫情。Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of varicella in Daxing District in Beijing, and provide the basis for further prevention and control of varicella in kindergartens and schools. Methods We collected the data of varicella cases and outbreaks in Daxing District from 2011 to 2013, and the data was analyzed by the descriptive statistics. Results 3168 varicella cases were reported during 2011-2013, and the average incidence was 75.06/100,000. There were 1763 cases among kindergartens and schools, accounting for 55.65%. Most of cases occurred in spring and winter, and the ratio of male-female was 1.49：1. There was a high incidence in the primary school students, accounting for 47.87%. With the rise of semester from primary section, the incidence of varicella showed a downward trend. The fever and rash degree of students who got the varicella vaccine was lighter than that of unvaccinated, and 80.52% of them got the varicella after vaccination over three years. Most of outbreaks occurred in the primary school. Conclusion Surveillance should be strengthened in spring and winter, especially for the elementary school students,and we need improve the vaccination rates of varicella vaccine to reduce the incidence of varicella and outbreaks.

关 键 词：水痘减毒活疫苗 接种 学校 发病 

分 类 号：R17[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]