赴非洲旅行者疟疾知识知晓现状及其影响因素研究  

Malaria prevent knowledge and its influencing factors among travelers to Africa

作　　者：袁园[1] 田睿[2] 于卜一[1] 谢铮[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学医学部公共卫生学院,北京100191 [2]北京出入境检验检疫局,北京100026

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2015年第7期1254-1256,1271,共4页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金：中英全球卫生支持项目OP201~~

摘　　要：目的了解北京赴非洲旅行者的疟疾防治知识知晓现状,分析其影响因素,为旅行者的疟疾防治工作提供参考依据。方法采取整群抽样方法,选取于2013年6-7月北京国际旅行卫生保健中心体检的515名赴非洲旅行者,采用自行设计的问卷进行疟疾防治知识调查。应用Logistic回归分析年龄、户籍、是否居住在北京、文化程度、出国目的及曾经是否了解过疟疾知识等因素对疟疾知识知晓程度的影响。结果本研究515份问卷中,有效问卷458份,有效率为88.93%(458/515)。疟疾知识问题的平均应答正确率为72.93%。其中,关于避蚊胺(DEET)问题的应答正确率最低为43.0%。Logistic回归分析结果显示,年龄、户籍、曾经是否了解过疟疾知识与疟疾知识合格率相关。50岁及以上旅行者的疟疾防治知识合格率低于29岁及以下者(OR=0.331,P<0.05),城镇户籍高于农村户籍(OR=2.715,P<0.05),了解过疟疾知识高于未了解过(OR=6.128,P<0.05)。结论赴非洲旅行者中农村居民及50岁及以上人群需要进一步了解疟疾防治知识,相关部门应针对出境旅行者的不同特点有针对性地开展疟疾相关知识的健康教育活动。Objective To know malaria prevent knowledge situation and analyze influencing factors among travelers who are leaving Beijing for Africa, which will provide references for malaria prevention and control among these travelers. Methods A cluster sampling method was conducted to select all travelers to Africa in 2013 June to July at the Beijing International Travel Health Care Center. A self-designed questionnaire investigation was conducted. Logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors such as age, household registration, province of residence, education level, the purpose of going abroad and whether they know malaria knowledge before or not. Results Among all the 515 questionnaires, there were 458 valid questionnaires, and the effective rate was 88.93%（458/515）. The correct rate of questions about malaria knowledge was 72.93%. But correct rate of questions about DEET was the 43.0%. Logistic regression analysis showed that age, household registration, learning malaria knowledge before were related to the passing rate of malaria knowledge. About the passing rate of malaria knowledge, travelers who were more than 50 years old was lower than less than 29 years old（OR=0.331, P0.05）, urban residents is higher than rural residents（OR=2.715, P0.05）,and travelers who learned malaria knowledge before was higher than never hear about it（OR=6.128, P0.05）. Conclusion Rural residents and travelers more than 50 years old need to learn more malaria knowledge. We should perform health education activities pointedly to these travelers.

关 键 词：疟疾知识 调查 旅行者 影响因素 

分 类 号：R193[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]