香港特别行政区集会游行自由的法治保障与合理界限  

Study on the Rule of Law in Protecting the Freedom of Assembly and Parade in Hong Kong and Its Reasonable Boundary

作　　者：高中[1] 

机构地区：[1]湖南大学法学院

出　　处：《北方法学》2015年第2期113-124,共12页Northern Legal Science

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究项目"形式法治与实质法治二元发展路径研究"(项目编号12YJA820017)的研究成果

摘　　要：香港特别行政区法院针对集会游行自由的主流审判法理是,集会游行权属基本权利,但该权利不是绝对的,仍须与公共利益、他人的权利和自由相权衡。在保障和规限之间的司法衡平基准是,任何限制该权利的特区立法或行政举措均须受制于"依法规限、民主社会所需、必要性"等三个要素的严格司法审查。集会游行自由在公、私物业场域的法律边界存在着一个宽广的"型谱",该型谱与集会自由之限制程度相关联,法官应结合相关要素就个案依法作出理性的判断。针对超越集会游行自由边界的违法行为,应严格依循罪刑法定、举证责任由控方承担的刑事法治原则,在量刑上应充分考虑基本人权因素。针对集会游行中激进化、暴力化现象日益蔓延的趋势,有必要发挥刑罚震慑性功能。With regard to the freedom of assembly and parade,major courts in Hong Kong Special Administrative Region（ SAR） hold such mainstream reasons of awards as the right to assembly and parade is a basic right but not absolute,which should be balanced with public interest and rights and freedom of other people.The standard for judicial equity in balancing protection and restriction is that any legislative regulations or administrative measures of the SAR should be subject to strict judicial review including three elements as of ＂according to laws and regulations,requirement of democratic society and necessity＂. As to the legal boundary for undertaking assembly and parade in public or private property sites,such freedom has a rather wide ＂tapestry＂,which is related to the restriction level of freedom of assembly,and thus judges should make rational judgment on a case by case basis. In case of violation of the freedom boundary of assembly and parade,the principle of conviction and penalty according to law should be applied strictly,the burden of proof should be assumed by the prosecutor,basic human rights should be considered comprehensively in sentencing. With regard to the overwhelming trend of aggressive and violent cases in assembly and parade,the deterrent function of punishment should be well functioned.

关 键 词：香港特别行政区 法治 集会游行 

分 类 号：D676.58[政治法律—政治学]