2013年中国人感染H7N9禽流感疫情分析  

Epidemiological analysis of human infection with avian influenza A(H7N9) virus in 2013

作　　者：姜慧芬[1] 包叶江[1] 徐笑红[1] 姜立民[2] 

机构地区：[1]浙江省肿瘤医院检验科,杭州市310022 [2]浙江省医学科学院,310013

出　　处：《中华全科医学》2015年第4期650-652,共3页Chinese Journal of General Practice

基　　金：浙江省医药卫生科技计划项目(2014KYA039)

摘　　要：目的 通过分析2013年人感染H7N9禽流感的流行特点,为H7N9禽流感的防控提供依据。方法 经多渠道核实的人感染H7N9禽流感确诊病例的相关数据通过Microsoft Office Excel 2007软件进行统计分析,分析其发病时间、地点、年龄和性别等因素。结果 2013年中国共确诊H7N9禽流感病例148人,其中死亡48人,病死率为32.43%;主要集中在疫情爆发初期3-5月,特别是在4月,发生124例,占总数的83.78%,疫情在夏季明显减弱,进入秋冬季又逐渐抬升;确诊病例基本为散发状态,绝大多数发生在以江浙沪为中心的华东地区,上海、浙江和江苏三省市较多,各自都超过了25例,其余各地均低于10例;男女性别比为2.33∶1;年龄分布在4-91岁的各个年龄段,以中老年人为主,45岁以上确诊病例占72.30%。结论 H7N9禽流感感染以散发为主,目前资料不支持H7N9存在人与人之间接触传播;H7N9感染人群具有独特的性别、年龄分布流行病学特征;H7N9禽流感病毒有进一步扩散的可能性,必需监测疫情的各个环节,建立可靠的风险评估和预防控制措施。Objective To clarify the epidemic characteristics of human infection with avian influenza A （H7N9） in 2013, provide the basis for the prevention and control of avian influenza A （H7N9）. Methods According to the data associated with human H7N9 cases obtained from and confirmed with multiple sources, those factors including temporal, geograph- ical, age and sex distributions were analyzed and summarized statistically by statistical software Excel 2007 Microsoft Of- rice. Results In 2013,a total of 148 confirmed cases of H7N9 avian flu, which killed 48 people, the mortality rate was 32.43% ; the main focus in March to May outbreak of the early epidemic, especially in April, 124 cases were occurred, accounting for 83.78 % of the total, reduced in the summer, gradually increased in the autumn and winter; H7N9 avian influenza were basicly distributing state, most cases were happened in Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Shanghai and their surrounding East China area, Shanghai ,Zhejiang and Jiangsu provinces were each more than 25 cases, the other parts were fewer than 10 cases;the male to female ratio was 2.33： 1 ,male patients were more than female;the age distribution in 4 -91 years old of all ages, were mainly middle-aged and old people, above 45 years of age accounted for 72.30% of confirmed cases. Conclusion Sporadic and low epidemic probability maybe the main trend in the future, human-to-human transmission was not supported among close contacts in this paper;and patient infected by HTN9 showed unique age and sex distribution characteristics. Avian influenza A（HTN9） virus had the possibility of further diffusion,we must monitor all of the situation, the reliable establishment of a risk assessment and prevention and control was needed.

关 键 词：禽流感 H7N9 流行病学 

分 类 号：R511.7[医药卫生—内科学] R181.81[医药卫生—临床医学]