兔前交叉韧带不同部位损伤对韧带内本体感受器的影响  

Experimental study of proprioceptor′s change caused by injury of different parts of anterior cruciate ligament in rabbits

作　　者：忻慰[1] 赵辉[1] 陈宜[1] 周义钦[1] 王波[1] 吴海山[1] 

机构地区：[1]第二军医大学附属长征医院骨科,上海200003

出　　处：《中华解剖与临床杂志》2015年第1期67-71,共5页Chinese Journal of Anatomy and Clinics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目（81071476）

摘　　要：目的：观察兔前交叉韧带（ ACL）不同部位部分损伤后ACL内本体感受器形态和功能的变化,并探讨其机制。方法共选用28只新西兰大白兔作为实验动物,按数字表法随机分为3组,其中A、B组各12只,分别于兔单侧ACL中部和ACL近胫骨1/3处制作部分损伤,对照组4只不进行手术操作。对照组于实验后2个月,A、B组均于实验后2、4、6个月各取4只兔行体感诱发电位和腘绳肌肌电图检测,之后取ACL行氯化金染色检查,评估韧带内神经组织形态及功能情况。结果 A组和B组随着观察时间延长,其体感诱发电位和肌电图的潜伏期逐渐延长和波幅逐渐下降；A、B组与对照组相比较,其损伤侧膝关节的肌电图和体感诱发电位的潜伏期及波幅差异均有统计学意义（P值均0．05）。 A、B组随着观察时间延长,ACL内本体感受器数量逐渐减少,异形的本体感受器增多、体积缩小；A组和 B组ACL内本体感受器数量均较对照组下降,差异均有统计学意义（P值均0．05）。结论 ACL不同部位的损伤均会导致韧带内本体感受器数量减少、形态异常及本体感觉下降,且不同部位的损伤导致的本体感受器及本体感觉变化无差异,其机制可能与韧带内血管对总体血供影响不大有关。Objective To explore the shape and functional changes of the proprioceptors in the rabbit anterior cruciate ligament（ ACL） caused by the ACL injure in the different parts. Methods Twenty eight New Zealand white rabbits were selected and divided into three experimental groups（12 in group A, 12 in group B and 4 in group C） . Group A was partly injured medial ACL model. Group B was partly injured ACL model whose injured location was nearly one-third in tibia. Group C had no surgery. The two groups （group A and B） were examined with somatosensory evoked potential（SEPs） and electromyogram（EMG） and gold chloride staining method to evaluate the shape and functional changes of the nervous structure at 2, 4, 6 months post-operation（four rabbits were sacrificed at each time point）. Results The SEPs and EMG′s incubation period and wave amplitude degraded gradually with the prolongation of observing time, and the difference of incubation period and wave amplitude between the two groups（ group A and B） and the control was statistically significant （ all P values 0. 05）. The number of the proprioceptors in the group A and B gradually reduced with the prolongation of observing time （The two groups were compared with the control, all P values 0. 05）. Conclusions The proprioceptor number is decreased and the number of abnormal proprioceptor is increased after ACL being injured, and the function also weakened languishingly with the prolongation of observing time. But it does not have a statistically significant in the different injured part. The mechanism may be related to the blood vessels in ligament has a little influence on the overall supply of blood.

关 键 词：前交叉韧带 本体感觉 膝关节 肌电图 诱发电位 兔 模型 动物 

分 类 号：R687.4[医药卫生—骨科学]