农业产业集群的演化阶段与形成机理分析--以宁夏中宁县枸杞加工产业为例  

Formation mechanism and evolution stage of agricultural industrial cluster:a case of medlar products processing industry of Zhongning County

作　　者：丁瑞[1,2] 李同昇[1] 李晓越[1] 李钢[1,3] 龙冬平[1] 李献波 

机构地区：[1]西北大学城市与环境学院,陕西西安710127 [2]北京舜王国源信息技术有限公司宁夏分公司,宁夏银川750002 [3]中国科学院地球环境研究所,陕西西安710075

出　　处：《干旱区地理》2015年第1期182-189,共8页Arid Land Geography

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41271131)

摘　　要：在总结前人研究基础上,借鉴国内外农业产业集群研究的相关理论,以宁夏中宁县枸杞加工产业集群为例,运用企业资料和半结构式访谈法,探讨了农业产业集群的演化阶段和形成机理。研究发现:(1)中宁县枸杞加工产业集群遵循农业产业集群演化的一般发展规律,经历了培育期、成长期及形成期,在不同的发展阶段集群表现出不同特征。(2)地区独特的资源禀赋、历史文化、宏观制度等偶然因素激发集群最初形成,地理临近导致的集聚效应促使集群逐步成长,收益递增引发的路径依赖则进一步促进集群的形成。(3)由于收益递增、路径依赖及企业惯例,集群在演化过程中可能会陷入低效率的锁定状态。为了摆脱这种困境,首先,政府应推动企业间网络合作强度及知识流动,提升集群创新能力;其次,要加强集群与区外联系实现集群在全球价值链上的嵌入,保持集群持续的竞争力。研究结果可为农业产业集群形成及机理研究提供借鉴,为宁夏枸杞加工产业发展提供指导。For taking a new road to industrialization and building a completely well-off society,the development of the primary industry is more highlighted and a large number of agricultural clusters are developed in current China.At present,more and more attentions has been paid on the study of industrial cluster,while theoretical study on it is relatively less,and the practice of agricultural industry cluster has been beyond theoretical researches. Therefore,it is of great theoretical and practical significance to analyze China＇s agricultural industry cluster. Based on previous research,the theory of domestic and international research of agricultural industry cluster,using secondary data and semi-structured interviews,the paper took medlar products processing industry in Zhongning County,Ningxia Province,China as a case to study the formation mechanism of agricultural industry cluster,the stages of development,in order to provide theoretical guidance and reference for the development of China＇s agricultural industry cluster. The results show as follows：（1）Cluster evolution stage of the county can be divided into the cultivation period,growth stage and formation stage,development stage,and the clusters in different stages showed different characteristics.（2）It is the stochastic factor（including macro system,resources endowment,and regional culture,etc）that induced the rise of medlar products processing industry in Zhongning County. A large number of enterprises agglomeration leads to the regional specialization of production,pullulate industry cluster. Increasing return and path dependence are the mechanism that has important influence on the rapid development of clusters. But in course of the rapid development of clusters,specialized regional milieu（government management,labor,market capacity）plays an important role,too.（3）There is a big problem which cannot be ignored,as the benefit increasing,path dependence,and enterprise traditions,the cluster could be locked in the low-efficiency situation

关 键 词：农业产业集群 演化阶段 机理分析 枸杞 中宁县 

分 类 号：F327[经济管理—产业经济]