手测量法则食物交换份法在社区2型糖尿病患者饮食指导中的应用效果研究  

Application of Food Exchange Portion by Hand Measurement Rule in the Diet Guidance of Community Type 2 Diabetes

作　　者：史波英 吴静雅 施萍[2] 

机构地区：[1]新城社区卫生服务中心,浙江省舟山市316021 [2]中国医科大学附属第一医院全科医学教研室

出　　处：《中国全科医学》2015年第4期446-449,共4页Chinese General Practice

基　　金：舟山市医药卫生科技计划局级课题项目(2012B25)

摘　　要：目的探讨手测量法则食物交换份法在社区2型糖尿病(T2DM)患者饮食指导中的应用效果。方法于2013年1月,采用随机数字表法在浙江省舟山市桃湾社区和城隍头社区各抽取确诊为T2DM的患者60例,为避免同村内糖尿病患者之间知识交流,以地理位置为分界线,将城隍头社区的患者作为对照组,桃湾社区的患者作为试验组。对照组采用常规健康教育进行饮食指导,试验组在常规健康教育基础上采用手测量法则食物交换份法进行饮食指导。干预6个月后,分别对两组患者进行饮食知识调查和生化指标检测。结果干预前,两组患者饮食知识调查情况和生化指标检测情况比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);干预后,与对照组比较,试验组患者的体质指数(BMI)、空腹血糖(FPG)、餐后2 h血糖(2 h PG)、糖化血红蛋白(Hb A1c)及血脂水平下降;饮食基本知识、饮食行为习惯及实践操作得分升高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论手测量法则食物交换份法为临床医生和糖尿病患者提供了简便的热量计算方法,极大地提高了糖尿病患者的饮食依从性,可以有效地帮助糖尿病患者控制血糖和血脂,延缓其并发症的发生。Objective To explore the application effect of food exchange portion in combination with hand measurement rule in the diet guidance of community patients with type 2 diabetes. Methods In January 2013, by random number table method, 60 confirmed type 2 diabetes patients from Taowan community and another 60 from Chenghuangtou community were selected and named as experimental group and control group respectively which were divided by geographical position for the sake of avoidance of knowledge communication among the diabetes within a village. The control groups received routine health education guidance and the experimental group added food exchange method in combination with hand measurement rule. After six months of intervention, diet knowledge investigation and biochemical indicator detection were carried out in the two groups. Results Before intervention, there was no statistical difference in diet knowledge and biochemical indicators between the two groups （ P 〉 0. 05 ） . After the intervention, compared with those in control group, in experimental group body mass index （ BMI）, fasting blood glucose （ FPG）, postprandial 2 hours blood glucose （2 hPG）, glycosylated hemoglobin （ HbA1c ） and blood lipid levels were down; Basic knowledge about diet, diet habits, practical scores were up, the differences were statistically significant （ P 〈 0. 01 ） . Conclusion Hand measurement rule combined with food exchange method provides a simple method to compute the heat for clinicians and diabetes, greatly enhances the diabetes＇ compliance with diet, helps them effectively control blood sugar and blood fat and postpones the occurrence of complications.

关 键 词：手测量法则 食物交换份法 糖尿病 2型 健康教育 

分 类 号：R587.1[医药卫生—内分泌] R151.4[医药卫生—内科学]