国家某大型军工企业住院患者疾病谱变化趋势调查  

Variation Trend of Disease Spectrum of Inpatients in A Large National Military Enterprise

作　　者：李婧[1] 王胜锋[1] 胡光宇[1] 曹卫华[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学公共卫生学院,北京市100191

出　　处：《中国全科医学》2015年第5期560-564,共5页Chinese General Practice

摘　　要：目的了解国家某大型军工企业住院患者疾病谱的变化趋势,为该企业制定相应的疾病预防策略和合理配置医疗资源提供科学依据。方法利用国家某大型军工企业医院信息科医院信息系统(HIS)2006年1月—2010年12月数据资料,按照纳入与排除标准,共纳入符合要求的病例80 905例次。按照出院时间,分层随机抽取每月20%的病案资料,共抽取16 181人次。参照《国际疾病分类》第10版(ICD-10)依据出院第一诊断进行疾病分类。采用描述性分析方法分析疾病构成及顺位变化。结果循环系统疾病始终居第1位,呼吸系统疾病由第4位上升至第2位,消化系统疾病则稳居第3位。循环系统疾病、呼吸系统疾病的患者比例随年份逐渐增加,年平均增长速度分别为4.5%、10.6%;精神和行为障碍,损伤、中毒和外因类疾病的患者比例随年份逐渐减少,年平均下降速度分别为16.8%、10.6%。冠心病由第1位降至第4位,肺部恶性肿瘤由第4位降至第8位,肺炎则由第8位上升至第6位。5年间发病例数居首位的是脑梗死(7.2%,1 173/16 181),其次为高血压(6.9%,1 119/16 181)和冠心病(5.9%,959/16 181)。5年间39.5%(3 521/8 914)的患者住院次数超过1次,占总住院人次的33.3%(3 521/16 181),其中34.2%(3 687/10 788)的患者则是因相同疾病再住院。再住院患者人均住院次数随年份下降,年平均下降速度为1.8%。结论循环系统疾病、呼吸系统疾病和消化系统疾病是该企业医院防治的重点,脑梗死、高血压、冠心病是影响该企业职工的重点疾病,企业对这类患者应以治疗和护理为主,企业医院应该根据住院患者疾病谱的变化趋势合理配置医疗资源。Objective To explore the variation trends of disease spectrum of inpatients in a large enterprise to provide a scientific basis for major disease prevention strategies and rational allocation of medical resources. Methods 80 905 person-times medical records were selected in the study by using the HIS data of the hospital of a large enterprise between January 2006 and December 2010 and according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. According to the discharge time,16 181 person- times medical records were selected through stratified random sample of 20% of the monthly medical records. With reference to the 10 th edition of ＂ International Classification of Diseases ＂（ ICD- 10）, classified the diseases according to the first discharge diagnosis. Descriptive analysis method was used to analyze the disease constitution and changes in the sequence. Results Circulatory system diseases always ranked the 1st place,respiratory diseases rose to the 2nd place from the 4th place,digestive diseases ranked the 3rd place. The proportion of patients with circulatory system diseases,respiratory diseases increased year by year,with an average annual growth speed of 4. 5%, 10. 6%, respectively; that of patients with mental and behavioral disorders,injuries,poisoning and external diseases decreased year after year with an average annual speed of 16. 8%,10. 6%,respectively. Coronary heart disease（ CHD） dropped to the 4th place from the 1st place,lung cancer dropped to the 8th place from the 4th place,pneumonia rose to the 6th place from the 8th place. During 5 years,cerebral infarction（ CI） ranked the 1st place（ 7. 2%,1 173 /16 181）,followed by hypertension（ 6. 9%,1 119 /16 181）,CHD（ 5. 9%,959 /16 181）. During 5 years,39. 5%（ 3 521 /8 914） patients hospitalized for more than once, accounting for 33. 3%（ 3 521 /16 181） of the total hospitalizations,thereinto 34. 2%（ 3 687 /10 788） patients re- hospitalized due to the same diseases. The average hospitalizations of re- hospitalized patients red

关 键 词：疾病 住院病人 疾病谱 变化趋势 

分 类 号：R195.4[医药卫生—卫生统计学]