患者教育在变应性鼻炎治疗中的价值  

Value of patient education in the treatment of allergic rhinitis

作　　者：褚志华[1] 张晓莹[1] 孟彬彬[1] 

机构地区：[1]南通市第二人民医院耳鼻咽喉科,江苏南通226002

出　　处：《临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志》2015年第5期396-399,共4页Journal of Clinical Otorhinolaryngology Head And Neck Surgery

摘　　要：目的:应用患者教育的模式对变应性鼻炎(AR)患者进行系统地健康教育,并对患者教育的效果进行评价,探讨患者教育在AR治疗中的价值。方法:选取2009-01-2013-12期间收治的100例AR患者为研究对象,采用随机数字表法分为实验组(50例)和对照组(50例)。对照组只提供药物治疗,而实验组在药物治疗的基础上再行患者教育,比较2组患者对治疗的遵循程度、治疗效果、药物不良反应和AR并发症的发生率、平均就诊次数和诊疗费用,并采用鼻结膜炎生活质量问卷(RQLQ)评分对2组患者的生活质量进行评估。计量资料采用独立样本t检验,计数资料采用χ2检验。结果:实验组积极配合治疗的患者为44例,而对照组仅有30例,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);实验组患者治疗后各分类症状和总体症状评分的均值均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);实验组患者药物不良反应(鼻出血、鼻干燥、鼻黏膜溃疡)和AR并发症(哮喘、慢性咳嗽、分泌性中耳炎)的发生率低于对照组均差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);实验组患者平均就诊次数和平均诊疗费用(以布地奈德鼻喷剂计算)均低于对照组,均差异有统计学意义(均P<0.01);实验组患者RQLQ评分的总分值和7个维度的分值均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:患者教育能帮助AR患者了解疾病的性质和危害、发病特点和治疗原则,对疾病的复杂性及诊治的长期性、艰巨性有充分的心理准备,从而积极配合治疗,并能减少药物不良反应和AR并发症的发生率,节约医疗成本,提高生活质量。Objective：To evaluate the effect of patient education on patients with allergic rhinitis（AR）.Method：From January 2009 to December 2013,100 cases of allergic rhinitis were treated.The patients were randomly divided into experimental group or control group by Stochastic tables law,50 patients in control group accepted only drug treatment,50 patients in experimental group accepted both drug treatment and patient education.The difference in compliance with treatment,treatment effect,incidence of adverse drug reactions and complications,average costs and times of treatment between two groups were evaluated by the rhinoconjunctivitis quality of life questionnaire（RQLQ）score.The independent sample t-test andχ2 test were used for statistical analysis.Result：The patients of experimental group showed more positive attitude to treatment compared to the patients of control group（P0.01）.The average scores of each classification and overall symptoms after treatment in experimental group were lower than those in control group（P0.05）.The incidence of adverse drug reactions（nosebleed,dry nose,nasal mucosa ulcer）and complications in patients with AR（asthma,chronic cough,secretory otitis media）in experimental group was lower than that in control group,with statistically differences（P0.05）.The average times of treatment and costs of diagnosis and treatment（calculation of budesonide nasal spray）in experimental group were significantly lower than those in control group（P0.01）.The total score for RQLQ and the scores of seven dimensions in experimental group were lower than those in control group（P0.05）.Conclusions：Patient education can help the patients with AR to cooperate actively with treatment,to reduce the incidence of adverse drug reactions and AR complications,and to save medical costs and improve the quality of life.

关 键 词：鼻炎 变应性 患者教育 生活质量 

分 类 号：R765.21[医药卫生—耳鼻咽喉科]