日本的灾民居住重建无偿救助制度研究  

On the Aid System of Reconstruction of Residence in Natural Disasters of Japan

作　　者：周建高[1] 

机构地区：[1]天津社会科学院日本研究所

出　　处：《武汉大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2015年第2期38-44,共7页Wuhan University Journal：Philosophy & Social Science

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地项目(11JJD770025);天津社会科学院重点课题(14YZD-10)

摘　　要：灾害救助关系社会和谐稳定、体现社会文明程度。日本对于自然灾害造成居住困难的家庭给予与损坏程度相应的无偿援助,国家层面有应急临时住宅、公共住宅、灾损住宅的应急修理这类实物给付,或者至多300万日元现金给付。此外还有地方上各具特色的支援措施。3·11东日本大震灾后灾民可获得多达1000余万日元的援助金用于购买或建造住宅、添置日用品等。赈灾救难不仅源于人类天然的怜悯之心,也源于对国民命运共同体的认识。在损失巨大的自然灾害面前,只有国家具备帮助灾民克服困难重建生活的资源和能力,援助灾民是国家应有的责任。In Japan,aid for the family that housing had been damaged are not only to provide emergency temporary housing or public housing,or a cash payment of up to 3 million yen from country,but also distinctive local support measures.After 311 Great East Japan Earthquake,victims can receive up to more than 10 million yen for the purchase or construction of housing,additions of daily necessities.Survey showed that the victims were more satisfied with the system of aid.Face to a huge natural disaster losses,only the state has the resources and ability to help victims to surmount difficulties and rebuild their lives.Assistance to victims is a national responsibility.

关 键 词：灾后重建 日本 无偿救助制度 

分 类 号：F091.349[经济管理—政治经济学]