T·H·马歇尔社会权利理论的困境与公民身份的责任转向  

The Dilemma of T.H.Marshall's Social Right Theory and Responsible Transition on Citizenship

作　　者：杨四海[1,2] 程倩[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京理工大学人文与社会科学学院,江苏南京210094 [2]淮阴师范学院,江苏淮安223000

出　　处：《江苏师范大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2015年第2期108-112,共5页Journal of Jiangsu Normal University：Philosophy and Social Sciences Edition

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目(13BZZ045);教育部人文社会科学研究规划基金项目(14YJA710035);江苏省社会科学基金课题(13ZZD0011)的阶段性成果

摘　　要：20世纪中期,T·H·马歇尔将公民身份的构成要素归纳为公民权利、政治权利和社会权利,并且结合英国社会历史的发展情况,就社会权利进行了深入的思考,开创了现代公民身份研究的新领域。然而批评者指出,无条件的社会公民权利和福利政策,将制造"保姆国家",导致公民去政治化、去道德化的不良后果,造成社会权利与公民权利之间的矛盾。顺应全球化时代发展的要求,实现公民身份从权利到责任的转向,构建公民权利和责任相对平衡的关系,造就整体公民身份,从超国家的视野和世界主义责任的角度,丰富国家公民身份的内涵,已经成为西方公民身份发展的基本走向。但是,世界主义公民身份不是一种独立的存在形态,它只是立足于国家公民身份对人类面临的全球化问题的观照。In the middlle of the 20 th century,T.H.Marshall summarized the elements of citizenship as civil rights,political rights and social rights.Combining with the development of the British modern social history,he reflected on social rights,and created a new field of the research on modern citizenship.However,Critics pointed out that the unconditional civil rights and social welfare policies would create ＂ nanny state＂ which could lead to the adverse consequences of depoliticization and demoralization,and the conflict between social rights and civil rights.In order to conform to the requirements of the globalization developments,achieving changes of researches on citizenship from right to responsibility,constructing a comparatively balanced relationship between civil rights and responsibilities,creating a whole citizenship,and enriching the connotation of citizenship from the vision of supranational and the perspective of cosmopolitan responsibility have became the basic directions of the study on citizenship in the west.However,the cosmopolitan citizenship is not an independent existence.Basing on the national citizenship,it is one kind of care about the global problems of the human.

关 键 词：T·H·马歇尔 社会权利 公民身份 责任转向 

分 类 号：D07[政治法律—政治学]