环境条件对线形硬毛藻营养盐吸收影响的季节变化  

Seasonal Nutrient Uptake by Chaetomorpha Linum(O.F.Muller) Kutzing Under Different Environmental Factors

作　　者：张宇[1] 宫庆礼[1] 李景玉[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学水产学院,山东青岛266003

出　　处：《海洋湖沼通报》2015年第1期50-62,共13页Transactions of Oceanology and Limnology

基　　金：海洋公益性行业科研专项经费项目(201105008-3);高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金(20100132120023);中国海洋大学青年英才工程科研支持经费资助

摘　　要：研究了线形硬毛藻在不同温度、盐度和营养盐浓度条件下对NH4^＋-N、NO3^--N和PO4^3--P的吸收速率的季节性变化。实验结果显示,在5~30℃范围内,线形硬毛藻对NH4^＋-N、NO3^--N和PO4^3--P的吸收速率受温度和季节影响显著,最适温度范围基本维持在15~25℃,且春季和秋季的吸收速率高于夏季和冬季。低盐度（0~10）对NH4^＋-N的吸收没有显著影响,对NO-3-N的吸收有促进作用,而对PO4^3-P的吸收有抑制作用。除了个别低盐度条件外,NH4^＋-N、NO3^--N和PO4^3--P的最大吸收速率大多出现在春季,而最小吸收速率大多出现在冬季。线形硬毛藻在不同浓度的营养盐条件下大多呈现出开放型的吸收模式,在高浓度下各个季节均能吸收营养盐。本研究结果为阐明线形硬毛藻作为＂绿潮＂灾害藻类的爆发机制提供了理论基础,同时为线形硬毛藻作为新型工具藻在富营养化水域生境修复和陆基工厂化养殖废水处理中的应用提供了科学依据。Seasonal nutrient uptake rates of NH4^＋-N、NO3^--N and PO4^3--Pby the green tide alga Chaetomorpha linum（O.F.Muller）Kutzing under different temperatures,salinities and nutrient concentrations were examined.Temperatures and seasons had significant effects on the uptake rates of NH4＋-N,NO3--N and PO43--P by C.linum.The optimal temperatures for the uptake rates ranged from 15℃to 25℃,and the uptake rates in spring and autumn were higher than those in winter and summer.The lower salinities（0-10）had no effect on the uptake rates of NH4＋-N,the uptake rate of NO3^--N was improved,but the uptake rate of PO43--P was inhibited.The highest uptake rates of NH4^＋-N、NO3^--N and PO4^3--Punder different salinities were approximately observed in spring,and the lowest were in summer with some exceptions at lower salinities.The uptake rates of NH4^＋-N,NO3^--N and PO4^3--P did not saturated under the experimental nutrient concentrations,and the alga absorbed ammonia,nitrate,and phosphorus in any season even under the high experimental nutrient concentrations.These results provided eco-physiological basis for reveal of the blooming mechanism of the green tide algaC.linum,and also provided a guide for application of this alga to remove excessive nutrients in eutrophic coastal waters and in sewage of land-based mariculture.

关 键 词：温度 盐度 营养盐浓度 线形硬毛藻 氮吸收速率 磷吸收速率 

分 类 号：S917[农业科学—水产科学]