芽孢杆菌不同使用方式对刺参生长、消化和免疫防御因子的影响  

Effects of Different States of Bacillus Cereus on Growth,Digestive Enzyme Activity and the Immune Defense Factors of Apostichopus Japonicus

作　　者：赵坤[1] 田相利[1] 董双林[1] 李杰[1] 王文君[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学海水养殖教育部重点实验室,山东青岛266003

出　　处：《海洋湖沼通报》2015年第1期63-72,共10页Transactions of Oceanology and Limnology

基　　金：国家"十二五"科技支撑计划项目(2011BAD13B03);山东省杰出青年基金项目(JQ201009)资助

摘　　要：研究了1株芽孢杆菌(Bacillus cereus,BC-02)不同使用方式(活菌、灭活菌和芽孢)对刺参(Apostichopus japonicus)生长、消化和非特异性免疫相关酶活性的影响。实验分低、中、高3个添加梯度,其芽孢杆菌的添加量分别为107、109和1011cfu·kg-1(以活菌量计),以投喂基础饲料组作为对照,实验时间为58d。结果表明:添加中浓度和高浓度的活菌和芽孢粉,不仅能促进刺参生长,还能显著的提高刺参肠道蛋白酶、脂肪酶和淀粉酶的活性,刺参体腔液中的AKP、ACP、T-SOD以及LSZ活性也显著提高(P<0.05),而添加灭活后的芽孢杆菌,对刺参的促生长作用不大,在刺参消化酶和体腔液非特异性免疫相关酶活性方面的作用也不及活菌和芽孢粉状态显著,因此综合比较表明,芽孢杆菌BC-02对刺参的适宜使用方式为活菌和芽孢,适宜浓度为(109-1011)cfu·kg-1,可以有效提高刺参的生长、消化酶活性和非特异免疫力。Effects of different states of Bacillus cereus（BC-02）on growth digestive enzyme activity and the immune defense factors of Apostichopus japonicus were studied over 58 days.The states of the BC-02 were viable,inactive and spore powder.The additive does of living bacillus cell in feed were 0,107,109,1011 cfu kg^-1,respectively named as control and concentration of low,middle and high.Results showed that added viable bacteria and spore powder with the concentration of middle and high into the feed not only promote the growth of A.japonicus,but also can significantly improve the digestive enzyme activity,such as activities of Protease,AMS and LPS,besides the immune defense factors of A.japonicus such as T-SOD,ACP,AKP and LZM were also increased significantly（P〈0.05）.While the effects of inactivated bacteria on growth,the digestive enzyme activity and the immune defense factors of A.japonicus were not significant.According to the results in the present study,it could be concluded that the optimal additive states of BC-02 were viable and inactive,and the appropriate concentration of BC-02was（109-1011）cfu kg^-1,in this station,the growth rates,activities of digestive enzyme and the immune defense factors of A.japonicus could be significantly improved.

关 键 词：芽孢杆菌 生长 消化酶 非特异性免疫酶 刺参 

分 类 号：S917[农业科学—水产科学]