青海油砂热裂解工艺及其影响因素  

Qinghai Oil Sand Pyrolysis Technology and Influencing Factors

作　　者：张荣樸 曹祖宾[2] 黄建宁 裴绍晖 赵海钢 

机构地区：[1]辽宁成大股份有限公司,辽宁大连116001 [2]辽宁石油化工大学石油化工学院,辽宁抚顺113001

出　　处：《中外能源》2015年第3期28-31,共4页Sino-Global Energy

摘　　要：为弥补水洗工艺的不足,采用热裂解方法对青海油砂山油砂进行流化干馏中型试验研究。温度是影响油砂干馏产物组成的重要因素,而进料速率是影响油砂油产量的关键因素,为此考察干馏终温、进料速率等对油砂油产量的影响,最后得出青海油砂山油砂最佳操作条件为干馏终温480~520℃,进料速率80kg/h。对油砂油的密度、凝点、残炭、馏程及族组成等指标进行分析,结果表明,流化干馏技术制取油砂油是可行的,可以使油砂中的油砂油全部得到利用;生产出的油品为轻质油品,残炭灰分含量较低,是调合加工汽、柴油的良好原料油;生产过程中无废水、废气、废渣的排放,符合环境友好型发展策略;生产过程中产生的半焦含油率极低,是良好的建筑用砂材料。In order to make up the shortage of washing process,technicians conducted a pilot-scale fluidized retorting test on oil sand produced from the Qinghai Oil Sand Mountain using a thermal cracking（or pyroly-sis） method.Temperature is an important factor affecting the composition of products from oil sand retorting and rate of feed is a key factor affecting the production of sand oil.This article examines the influence of factors such as final retorting temperature and rate of feed on sand oil production and concludes that the best operating conditions for the oil sand from the Qinghai Oil Sand Mountain are 480-520 ℃ of final retorting temperature and 80kg/h of rate of feed.The results of an analysis of the density,condensation point,carbon residue,distillation range and group composition show that using fluidized retorting technology to make sand oil is viable and that the oil in oil sand can be fully utilized.The oil product produced is light oil,with low carbon residue and ash contents,and is excellent feedstock oil for blending gasoline and diesel fuels.No wastewater,waste gas or waste residue is discharged during production,meaning that the production process is environmentally friendly.The content of oil in the semi-coke produced during production of sand oil is very low,making it an excellent sand material for building use.

关 键 词：油砂 流化干馏 油砂油 干馏终温 进料速率 产量 

分 类 号：TE624[石油与天然气工程—油气加工工程]