动脉粥样硬化发病的炎症机制的研究进展  

Progress in inflammatory pathogenesis of atherosclerosis

作　　者：刘俊田[1] 

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学医学部基础医学院药理系,陕西西安710061

出　　处：《西安交通大学学报（医学版）》2015年第2期141-152,共12页Journal of Xi’an Jiaotong University（Medical Sciences）

基　　金：2007年国家自然科学基金(No.30772567);2006年教育部博士学科点专项科研基金(No.20060698048);2010年教育部博士学科点专项科研基金(No.20100201110053)~~

摘　　要：动脉粥样硬化是临床常见疾病,是缺血性心脑血管病的主要病理基础。迄今为止,其发病机制尚未完全清楚,因而临床尚无有效而特异性的药物治疗。大量基础和临床研究表明,动脉粥样硬化是一种慢性炎症性疾病,是血管壁对各种损伤的一种异常反应,具有经典炎症变性、渗出及增生的特点。炎症反应贯穿动脉粥样硬化发病的各个阶段,可能是多种致动脉粥样硬化因素致病机制的共同环节或通路。炎症机制不但与动脉粥样硬化的发生发展有关,而且与动脉粥样硬化的多种并发症的发生密切相关。动脉粥样硬化的炎症类型包括生物性炎症、免疫性炎症和化学性炎症。动脉粥样硬化发病初期主要表现为急性渗出性炎症,而在进展期主要表现出慢性增生性炎症的特点。炎症反应中涉及多种炎症细胞、炎性细胞因子、炎性介质、黏附分子、趋化因子、生长因子等。现已证明,多种抗动脉粥样硬化药物具有抗炎作用,抗炎治疗已成为防治动脉粥样硬化的一种新途径。Atherosclerosis, a common disease, is the main pathological basis of ischcmic cardioccrcbrovascular diseases. So far the pathogencsis of atherosclerosis is not completely clear, so the specific and effective drugs arc unavailable for prevention and treatment of athcrosclcrosis. A great number of basic and clinical studies show that atherosclcrosis is a chronic inflammatory disease and the abnormal response of vessel wall to various kinds of injury. Atherosclcrosis exhibits the characteristics of classical inflammation, such as degeneration, exudation and proliferation. Inflammation may bc a common pathogcnesis of multiple pro-atherosclerotic factors since inflammatory responses exist in all stages of development of athcrosclcrosis. Inflammatory responses contribute to both pathogenesis and complications of atherosclerosis. There are three kinds of inflammation in formation and development of atherosclerosis： biological, immunological and chemical inflammation. Vessel wall manifests the acute exudative inflammation in the early stage of atherosclerosis and chronic proliferative inflammation in the progressive stage of atherosclerosis. Many inflammatory cells, inflammatory cytokines and mediators, adhesion molecules, chemotactic factors and growth factors are involved in the inflammatory responses of vessel wall. It has been demonstrated that anti-atherosclerotic drugs used in clinical practice can produce anti-inflammatory effects. Therefore, anti-inflammatory therapy is a new strategy for prevention and treatment of atherosclerosis.

关 键 词：动脉粥样硬化 炎症 发病机制 生物性炎症 免疫性炎症 化学性炎症 

分 类 号：R543.6[医药卫生—心血管疾病]