新疆喀纳斯国家级自然保护区土壤螨类群落特征  

Study on the community characteristics of soil mites at different habitats in Kanas Natural Reserve,Xinjiang

作　　者：吾玛尔.阿布力孜 阿提坎木.吾布力喀斯木 吴松林[1] 

机构地区：[1]新疆大学生命科学与技术学院,乌木鲁齐830046

出　　处：《干旱区资源与环境》2015年第2期99-104,共6页Journal of Arid Land Resources and Environment

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(40961018;41361052);新疆大学博士科研启动基金项目(BS090131)资助

摘　　要：为研究喀纳斯自然保护区土壤螨类群落特征,2011年7月和9月对该保护区针叶林、混交林、阔叶林、灌木林、草甸草原、林间草地、沼泽地7种生境进行了取样调查。结果表明：1）共获得土壤螨类7268只,隶属于3亚目51科58属。其中甲螨亚目3819只,38科44属,占总数的93.34%;中气门亚目264只,9科11属,占总数的6.45%;前气门亚目7只3科3属,占总数的0.21%。整个研究区域中奥甲螨属Oppia、盖头甲螨属Tectocepheus、钉棱甲螨属Passalozetes、菌甲螨属Scheloribates为优势类群,占总数的60.05%;阿斯甲螨属、短甲螨属、大翼甲螨属等13属为常见类群,占总数的29.43%;其余的41属为稀有类群,占总数的10.52%。2）在不同生境条件下土壤螨类个体数和类群数均有显著差异（P〈0.05）,其中个体数依次为阔叶林〉针叶林〉林间草地〉混交林〉沼泽地〉草甸草原〉灌木林;而类群数依次为阔叶林〉草甸草原〉沼泽地〉针叶林〉灌木林〉混交林〉林间草地。3）垂直分布具有明显的表聚性特征,其中0-5cm土层最多,其次为5-10cm,而10-15cm最少。4）在该保护区不同生境土壤螨类的群落组成和结构差异与植被类型、土壤环境因素及人为干扰程度有关。In order to understanding the soil mite community characteristics in the Kanas Natural Reserve,an investigation were conducted on the community structure of the soil mites at different habitats（ namely coniferous forest,deciduous forest,mixed forest,shrubbery,glade grassland,meadow steppe and wetlands） by useing of community composition and community structure in July and September in 2011. The results showed that： 1） A total of 7268 individuals were collected,and they belonging to 3 suborders 51 families 58 genera. In 3819 individuals beong to which Oribatida with 38 families,44 genera,and they accounted for 93. 34% of the total numbers;264 individuals belong to Mesostigmata,with 9 families,11 genera,and they were accounted for 6. 45% of the total numbers; 7 individuals belong to Prostigmata with 3 families,3 genera,they were accounted for 0. 21% of the total numbers. Oppia,Tectocepheus,Passalozetes,Scheloribates were the dominant groups for the whole studied area,and they were accounted for 17. 1%,16. 97%,14. 86%,10. 24% respectively. The Astegistis,Brachythonius,Glumma,Hypovertex and et al 13 genera were belonged to the common groups,and they were accounted for 31. 04%. Perlohmania,Eupelops,Ocesobates,Hypochthonius and et al 41 genera were belonged to the rare taxa,and they accounted for 11. 46% of the total collections. 2） Studies also showed that there were significant differences in soil mite community composition and structure in different habitats（ P 0. 05）,the order of individual numbers were deciduous forest coniferous forest glade grassland mixed forest meadow steppe wetlands shrubbery,Group number sequence for deciduous forest meadow steppe wetlands coniferous forest shrubbery mixed forest glade grassland. 3） The vertical distribution indicate that for most 0 ~ 5cm,followed by 5 ~ 10 cm,and 10 ~ 15 cm at least in the soil profiles. 4） The community composition and structure of soil mites at different habitats in the Kanas Natural Reserve were correlated to the vegetation type,the pro

关 键 词：喀纳斯自然保护区 不同生境 土壤螨类 群落特征 

分 类 号：Q958.11[生物学—动物学]