老年维持性血液透析患者自我管理效果评价  

Evaluation of self-management of maintenance hemodialysis in elderly patients

作　　者：肖太玲 秦燕[1] 刘翠萍[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京老年医院肾内科血液透析中心,100095

出　　处：《中国医药》2015年第4期598-600,共3页China Medicine

摘　　要：目的 探讨实施自我管理教育对老年维持性血液透析（MHD）患者生活质量的影响.方法 将2011年1-12月在北京老年医院接受MHD的130例老年患者完全随机分成对照组和观察组,失访10例,最终对照组和观察组有效病例数分别为58例和62例.对照组实施常规健康教育,观察组在常规健康教育的基础上进行自我管理教育.比较2组患者自我管理能力.结果 观察组患者接受自我管理教育后,对合理饮食的了解执行情况优于对照组[62.9％ （39/62）比44.8％（26/58）,χ2=7.07,P＜0.05];对合理运动的了解并执行情况优于对照组[59.7％ （37/62）比37.9％（22/58）,χ2=8.53,P＜0.05];对透析间期体质量增加＜3％的了解并执行情况优于对照组[58.1％（36/62）比32.8％（19/58）,χ2=17.07,P＜0.01];对遵医嘱用药的J了解并执行情况优于对照组[71.0％ （44/62）比36.2％（21/58）,χ2=15.06,P＜0.01];对疾病的认知了解并执行情况优于对照组[62.9％（39/62）比29.3％（17/58）,χ2 =17.11,P＜0.0l];对内瘘自我维护的了解并执行情况优于对照组[72.6％ （45/62）比36.2％ （21/58）,χ2=22.25,P＜0.0l];对自我管理能力的了解并执行情况优于对照组[61.3％（38/62）比20.7％（12/58）,χ2 =25.36,P＜0.01];对定期复查的了解并执行情况优于对照组[79.0％（49/62）比25.9％ （15/58）,χ2=36.57,P＜0.01].结论 自我管理教育可以提高老年MHD患者的自我管理能力,提高其生活质量及透析质量.Objective To observe the influence of self-management education on the quality of life of elderly patients with hemodialysis. Methods One hundred and thirty elderly patients from January to December 2011 were randomly divided into control group （58 cases） and observation group （62 cases） excluding 10 cases of loss follow-up. Patients in control group received the routine health propaganda and education, while in observation group received health education on the basis of self-management education. The ability of self-management was compared between the two groups. Results After self-management education, the understanding and executions in observation group were all better than those in control group for the rational diet [62.9% （39/62） vs 44.8% （26/58）,χ2 = 7.07, P 〈 0.05 ] , the reasonable motion [ 59.7% （37/62） vs 37.9% （22/58）, χ2=8. 53, P 〈 0.05 ], the raise of weight 〈 3% [ 58.1% （36/62） vs 32.8% （ 19/58）, χ2 = 17.07, P 〈 0.01 ], the administration followed the doctor＇s advices [ 71.0% （44/62） vs 36.2% （21/58） ,χ2 = 15.06, P 〈 0.01 ], the disease situation [62.9% （39/62） vs 29.3% （ 17/58）, χ2 = 17. 11, P 〈 0. 01 1, the internal fistula [72.6% （45/62） vs 36.2% （21/58）, χ2 = 22.25, P 〈 0.01 ], the self-management [ 61.3% （38/62） vs 20.7% （ 12/58）, χ2 = 25.36, P〈0.011, the periodic reexamination [79.0% （49/62） vs 25.9% （15/58）, χ2 =36.57, P 〈0.01]. Conclusion The self-management education can improve the ability of self-management in the elderly hemodialysis patients, which can improve the quality of life and dialysis.

关 键 词：维持性血液透析 自我管理教育 生活质量 

分 类 号：R459.5[医药卫生—治疗学]