生态城镇建设中环境邻避冲突的源头控制——兼论环境影响评价法律制度的完善  

Source Control of Environmental NIMBY Conflicts in Constructing Ecological Urban Areas:From the perspective of improving the legal system of EIA

作　　者：谭柏平[1] 

机构地区：[1]首都社会建设与社会管理协同创新中心,北京工业大学人文社会科学学院法律系,北京100124

出　　处：《北京师范大学学报（社会科学版）》2015年第2期14-20,共7页Journal of Beijing Normal University(Social Sciences)

基　　金：司法部2012年度国家法治与法学理论研究项目"绿色与低碳的城镇化法律问题研究"(12SFB5051);"首都社会建设与社会管理协同创新项目"(014000546614513);中国国际经济交流中心基金课题"落实全面推进依法治国决策研究"

摘　　要：当前,我国正处于城镇化的快速推进期,环境监管形势依然严峻,环境违法违规案件高发频发,突发性环境事件以及由环境问题引发的群体性事件时有发生,环境群体性事件尤以环境邻避冲突居多,不仅不利于社会稳定,也危害了公众与政府之间的信任关系。其实,建设生态城镇与环境邻避情结并没有冲突。邻避冲突重在预防,而不是事后处理。环境影响评价制度对避免环境邻避冲突的发生起到了积极作用,但制度还需要健全。为了弥补政策环评的不足,应进行邻避冲突的社会稳定风险评估。从源头上控制环境邻避冲突,必须坚持"环评优先",重视城市规划环评,尤其要重视公众参与,建立环境公共事务的民主协商机制,从而推进美丽中国与和谐社会建设。Currently,China is in the process of rapid urbanization,which has brought about grim environmental violations and group incidents.Most of these are environmental NIMBY conflict.It jeopardizes not only social stability,but also the trust between the mass and the Government.Theoretically,there should be no conflict between the construction of ecological town and the environmental NIMBY syndrome.Accordingly,there should be precautions before rather than remedial measures after conflicts occur.Up till now,the legal system of EIA has played a positive role in preventing environmental NIMBY conflicts,but the system still needs further improvement.In order to counterbalance the lack of policy EIA,an assessment of social stability and risk for NIMBY conflicts should be implemented before making a decision.In other words,it necessary to embrace the＂EIA priority＂and pay attention to the EIA of urban planning.In particular,emphasis is demanded for public participation,namely,a democratic consultation mechanism about the public and environmental affairs to construct a beautiful China and a harmonious society.

关 键 词：和谐社会 生态城镇 环境邻避冲突 环境影响评价 源头控制 

分 类 号：D920[政治法律—法学]