高镉锌真空蒸馏分离锌镉的研究  

Separation of Zn and Cd from Cd-Rich Zn-Concentrate by Vacuum Distillation

作　　者：闫华龙 熊恒[1,3,2] 杨斌[1,3,2] 徐宝强[1,3,2] 邓勇[1,3,2] 王威[1,2] 孔祥峰[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]昆明理工大学真空冶金国家工程实验室,昆明650093 [2]昆明理工大学冶金与能源工程学院,昆明650093 [3]云南省有色金属真空冶金重点实验室,昆明650093

出　　处：《真空科学与技术学报》2015年第3期330-333,共4页Chinese Journal of Vacuum Science and Technology

基　　金：云南省应用基础研究自筹经费项目(项目编号:2013FZ028和2013FZ034)

摘　　要：对高镉锌真空蒸馏分离锌、镉进行了理论分析和实验研究,考察了蒸馏温度、保温时间对锌、镉分离效果的影响。理论研究表明:在真空条件下高镉锌中的锌与镉具有分离的可能性。实验结果表明:提高蒸馏温度和延长保温时间,都有利于提高金属镉的直收率,但均会降低挥发物中镉的纯度;当系统压力保持在30 Pa时,蒸馏温度为400℃,保温时间为60 min条件下,挥发物中的镉纯度为96.5%,镉直收率为60.1%,残余物中锌纯度为87.42%;并在实验研究结果中验证了多次蒸馏可提高挥发物中镉的纯度,三次蒸馏挥发物中的镉纯度可达99.99%。此工艺为真空蒸馏分离高镉锌中锌与镉提供新的方法,对采用真空蒸馏法处理高镉锌具有一定的指导意义和应用价值。A novel technique was developed to separate Zn and Cd from high-Cd Zn-concentrate by vacuum distilla- tion. The effect of the distillation conditions, including the pressure, distillation temperature and time, on the separation rates of Zn and Cd was theoretically calculated and experimentally investigated. Theoretically speaking, the novel tech- nique is feasible. The experimental results show that a higher distillation temperature and a longer distillation time consid- erably increased direct-recovery rate of Cd and decreased Cd-purity in the volatile. For instance, distilled at 30 Pa and 400℃ for 60 min, the Cd-purity in the volatile was 96.5% with a Cd direct-recovery rate of 60. 1% ,and the Zn-purity in the residue was 87.42% .The multi-cycle （say,3 cycles） distillation increased the Cd purity up to over 99.99% in the volatile. We suggest that the newly-developed, environmental friendly, simple technique be of much technological interest in processing the high-Cd Zn-concentrate on industrial scale.

关 键 词：高镉锌 真空蒸馏 纯镉 多次蒸馏 直收率 

分 类 号：TF131[冶金工程—冶金物理化学] TF01