高温干旱对春小麦光合特性及产量的影响  

Effect of high temperature and drought treatment on photosynthetic characteristics and yield of different varieties of spring wheat

作　　者：苏玮[1] 孙立影[1] 康建宏[1] 吴宏亮[1] 李昱[1] 

机构地区：[1]宁夏大学农学院,宁夏银川750021

出　　处：《农业科学研究》2015年第1期49-53,64,共6页Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(31160255)

摘　　要：以春小麦宁春4号和宁春47号为供试材料,在盆栽条件下,人工模拟花后高温干旱,研究花后高温干旱对春小麦光合速率及其产量的影响.结果表明：土壤含水量一定时,温度越高,春小麦光合速率、干物质积累、分配到库的养分量、粒质量均显著低于正常温度;温度一定时,随着土壤含水量的下降,出现相似的变化趋势;高温、干旱均导致两品种春小麦的光合速率下降、充实度下降、产量下降,光合速率下降3.15%∽60.83%,产量下降9.1%∽39.54%,高温干旱双重胁迫具有显著的互作效应.可以通过相应的栽培技术缓解花后高温干旱对春小麦的危害,以提高春小麦产量.In order to study the photosynthetic mechanism and yield of effects on different varieties spring wheat after anthesis with high temperature and drought, relieving high temperature and drought hazard, under the condition of pot cultivation,manual control temperature and drought after anthesis, spring wheat Ningchun 4 and Ningchun 47 as tested materials The results showed that： When soil moisture constant is determinded, the higher the temperature, the spring wheat photosynthetic rate、dry matter accumulation 、distribution to the nutrient content and grain weight were significantly lower than that of normal temperature and soil moisture constant and with the decline in soil moisture, spring wheat appear the similar phenomenon; high temperature and drought treatments cause two varieties of spring wheat photosynthetic rate and plumpness decreased,moreover,the decline output photosynthetic rate decreased3.15% ∽63.83% and production decreased 9.1% ∽39.54%; high temperature and drought stress have significantly mutual effects, therefore, we can take the corresponding cultivation technique to alleviate the high temperature and drought damage with spring wheat after anthesis to improve the yield of spring wheat.

关 键 词：春小麦 高温 干旱 光合速率 产量 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学]