嗪吡嘧磺隆在土壤和沉积物中的降解  

Degradation of metazosulfuron in soil and sediment

作　　者：许静[1] 唐杰伟 孔德洋[1] 宋宁慧[1] 孔祥吉[1] 

机构地区：[1]环境保护部南京环境科学研究所,南京210042 [2]农业部农业生态与资源保护总站,北京100125

出　　处：《环境化学》2015年第3期461-467,共7页Environmental Chemistry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41101307)资助

摘　　要：采用室内模拟实验法,测定了嗪吡嘧磺隆在好氧与积水厌气(或厌氧)条件下的土壤降解和水-沉积物降解特性.研究结果表明,嗪吡嘧磺隆在好氧条件下,江西红壤、太湖水稻土、东北黑土中降解速率分别为0.041、0.008、0.004 d-1,积水厌气条件下分别为0.028、0.023、0.005 d-1,不同类型土壤中降解快慢顺序为:江西红壤>太湖水稻土>东北黑土,在太湖水稻土和东北黑土中积水厌气条件更有利于其降解,且土壤p H值是影响土壤中降解速率的主要因素;水-沉积物降解中,好氧条件下河流与湖泊水-沉积物系统中农药总量的降解速率分别为:0.031、0.032 d-1,厌氧条件下的降解速率分别为0.035、0.041 d-1,湖泊体系的降解速率快于河流体系,厌氧条件下降解速率快于好氧条件,且嗪吡嘧磺隆在水-沉积物体系中主要存在于水体中,系统降解速率主要受水体中的降解速率影响.可见,嗪吡嘧磺隆在中性至碱性土壤中具有较强稳定性,进入水-沉积物系统时主要分布于水体当中,可能会对水体和土壤环境造成一定的污染影响.As a novel sulfonylurea herbicide, the degradation of metazosulfuron in the environment caused a lot of attention. In this research the degradation of metazosulfuron in soils and water- sediments under the aerobic and water anaerobic （or anaerobic） conditions was investigated through indoor simulation experiments. The results showed that the degradation rates in soils 0.008 d-1 and 0.004 d-1 under aerobic conditions ; the degradation rates were 0.028 and 0.005 d-1 under water anaerobic conditions, respectively. The degradation rate were 0.041 d-1, d-1, 0.023 d-1 in different soils followed this order： Jiangxi red soil〉Taihu paddy soil〉Northeast black soil. The degradation rate was faster under water anaerobic condition than under aerobic condition in Taihu paddy soil and Northeast black soil, and the pH of soils was the main factor influencing degradation rate. In water- sediment system the degradation rates of metazosulfuron were 0.031 d-1（river system）, 0.032 d-1 （lake system）under aerobic conditions, while the rates under anaerobic conditions were 0.035 d-1 （river system）, 0.041 d-1（ lake system）. It was demonstrated the degradation rate was faster in lake system than in river system, and was faster in anaerobic conditions than aerobic conditions. Because metazosulfuron in water-sediment system mainly exists in the water phase, its degradation was controlled by the degradation rate in water.

关 键 词：嗪吡嘧磺隆 好氧降解 积水厌气降解 土壤 沉积物 

分 类 号：X592[环境科学与工程—环境工程]