石油磺酸盐弱碱体系采出液分离及影响因素  

PRODUCED LIQUID SEPARATION AND INFLUENCING FACTORS OF THE PETROLEUM SULFONATE WEAK-BASE SYSTEM

作　　者：赵觅[1] 吴迪[2] 李博[3] 王鉴[1] 

机构地区：[1]东北石油大学化学化工学院,黑龙江大庆163318 [2]大庆油田工程建设有限公司,黑龙江大庆163712 [3]大庆油田有限责任公司第四采油厂,黑龙江大庆163511

出　　处：《大庆石油地质与开发》2015年第2期126-129,共4页Petroleum Geology & Oilfield Development in Daqing

基　　金：大庆油田有限责任公司科研项目"三元复合驱采出液和采出水高效处理药剂研究"(QR/A0/7-12-01)

摘　　要：跟踪石油磺酸盐弱碱体系三元复合驱矿场试验主段塞注入阶段,对采出液进行了系统研究,模拟了碱、表面活性剂和聚合物对采出液油水分离特性的单一和协同影响。结果表明:碱与原油中的天然物质反应生成界面活性物质,降低油水界面张力,使原油乳状液乳化强度增大,O/W型乳状液中的分散相油珠粒径显著下降,稳定性增强;在低表面活性剂质量浓度下,活性剂吸附到油水界面上顶替了部分原油中的天然表面活性物质及碱与原油反应生成的界面活性物质,插入到油水界面上胶质和沥青质聚集体之间,降低了胶质和沥青质聚集体之间的作用力,但加强了界面黏弹性,使原油乳状液稳定性增强;聚合物使水相具有黏弹性,使得水滴难以破裂,导致原油乳状液中水滴尺寸增大,稳定性下降。By means of the whole field-test process track of the main slug injection and production of petroleum sulfonate weak-base system ASP flooding; the produced liquid is studied systematically. The individual and synergetic influences of the three chemical injecting agents on the oil and water separation characteristics are simulated for the produced liquid. The results show that the alkali acts with the natural materials in the crude oil and produces the interfacial active matters, thus the oil-water interracial tension is reduced, the emulsified strength of the crude oil emulsion is enhanced, the discrete-phase oil-drop diameter in Type O/W emulsion is obviously decreased and moreover the stability is enhanced ; under the condition of the low-concentration of the surfactant, the adsorbed surfactant on the oil-water interface replaces the natural surface-activity substance in the partial of crude oil and the generated interface-activity substances reacted between the alkali with the crude oil, and moreover inserted into the aggregates between the colloid and asphaltene on the oil-water interface, thus the reaction ability between them is reduced, but the interfacial viscoelasticity is enhanced, and finally the stability of the crude oil emulsion is en- hanced; the polymer heightens the viscoelasticity of the water phase, so the water droplets are difficult to break, therefore the droplet sizes are caused to rise and the stabilities are reduced on the contrary.

关 键 词：石油磺酸盐 弱碱三元复合驱 采出液 油水分离 影响因素 

分 类 号：TE357.46[石油与天然气工程—油气田开发工程]