光照和施肥对白桦林冠下水曲柳、胡桃楸苗木生长的影响  

Effects of Light and Fertilization on the Growth of Fraxinus mandshurica and Juglans mandshurica Seedlings under the Canopy of Betula platyphylla Secondary Forest

作　　者：张书娜[1] 王庆成[1] 郝龙飞[1] 李雯[1] 王昌亮[1] 

机构地区：[1]东北林业大学林学院,哈尔滨150040

出　　处：《森林工程》2015年第2期51-56,共6页Forest Engineering

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划课题(2012BAD21B00)

摘　　要：在次生白桦林内不同光强(高光照HL,64%全光、中等光照ML,45%全光、低光照LL,15%全光)条件下栽植2 a生水曲柳、胡桃楸苗木,采用不同施肥(CK、N、P、N+P)处理,1个生长季后测定苗木生长、生物量、比叶面积。结果表明:光照条件对水曲柳的苗高影响明显,苗高生长量顺序为HL>ML>LL,其中HL处理较LL处理提高69.8%(P<0.01);光照条件对水曲柳地径生长影响不明显。施肥对水曲柳苗高、地径生长影响明显,各施肥处理苗高、地径生长量排序均为NP>N>P>CK,NP和N处理比CK处理苗高生长量分别提高82.3%和56.1%(P<0.01),地径生长量分别提高27.4%和25.4%(P<0.05)。光照条件对胡桃楸的苗高影响明显,苗高生长量顺序为HL>ML>LL,其中HL处理较LL处理提高57.0%(P<0.05);施肥对胡桃楸的苗高影响明显,苗高生长量顺序为NP>P>N>CK,其中NP和P处理比CK处理分别提高40.0%和39.5%(P<0.05)。光照和施肥对胡桃楸地径影响不明显。光照条件对水曲柳、胡桃楸单株生物量影响明显,其顺序均为HL>ML>LL,其中HL处理较LL处理分别提高128.5%和83.3%(P<0.05);施肥对水曲柳和胡桃楸单株生物量影响明显,其顺序分别为NP>N>P>CK和NP>P>N>CK,其中NP处理比CK处理分别提高27.7%和112.3%(P<0.05)。光照条件对2树种冠根比和比叶面积影响明显,且HL处理显著低于LL处理(P<0.05)。施肥对2树种的冠根比和比叶面积影响明显,且施肥增大冠根比,减小了比叶面积。综上所述,林冠下水曲柳和胡桃楸苗木在HL处理和同施氮磷时,生长最好。Under the second growth stand of Betula platyphylla and condition of different light intensity（ high light（ HL,64% full light）,medium light（ ML,45% full light）,low light（ LL,15% full light））,two-year old Fraxinus mandshurica and Juglans Mandshurica seedlings were planted,using different fertilization（ CK,N,P,N ＋ P） treatments. At the end of the growing season,the seedling growth,biomass,and specific leaf area were measured. The results showed that： light had significantly effect on the height growth of F. mandshurica,being HL 〉ML〉 LL,and it under HL treatment were 69. 8% higher than that with LL treatment（ P 〈0. 01）. Effect of light on diameter growth of F. mandshurica was not obvious. Fertilization had significant effect on the height and growth diameter of F. mandshurica,being N ＋ P〉 N〉 P 〉CK. Respectively,the height growth of F. mandshurica under NP and N treatments was 82. 3% and 56. 1% higher than that with CK treatments（ P〈 0. 01）,and the diameter growth of F. mandshurica under NP and N treatments was 27. 4% and 25. 4% greater than that with CK treatments（ P〈 0. 05）. Light had significant effect on the height growth of J. mandshurica,being HL 〉ML 〉LL,and it under HL treatment was 57. 0% higher than that with LL treatment（ P 〈0. 05）. Fertilization had significant effect on the height of J. mandshurica,being N ＋ P P N CK,and it under NP and P treatments was 40. 0% and 39. 5% higher than that with CK treatments（ P〈 0. 05）; Effects of light and fertilization on diameter growth of J. mandshurica were not obvious. Light had significant effect on the biomass of F. mandshurica and J. mandshurica,both being HL〉 ML 〉LL,respectively,and it under HL treatment was 128. 5% and 83. 3%（ P ﹤ 0. 05） higher than that with LL treatment（ P 〈0. 05）. Fertilization had significant effect on the biomass of F. mandshurica and J. mandshurica,respectively,being N ＋ P 〉N 〉P〉 CK and N ＋ P〉 P〉 N 〉CK,it under NP treatments was 27. 7% an

关 键 词：水曲柳(Fraxinus mandshurica) 胡桃楸(Juglans mandshurica) 苗木 光照强度 施肥 生长指标 

分 类 号：S791.2[农业科学—林木遗传育种]