近十年广西审定感光型杂交稻品种的主要病害抗性水平及育种方向分析  

Main disease resistance and breeding tendency of photosensitive hybrid rice varieties registered in Guangxi during the past decade

作　　者：莫海玲[1] 唐梅[1] 孙富[1] 罗同平[1] 潘文兴 于松保[1] 

机构地区：[1]广西农业科学院水稻研究所/广西水稻遗传育种重点实验室,南宁530007 [2]崇左市农业科学研究所,广西崇左530215

出　　处：《南方农业学报》2015年第2期194-198,共5页Journal of Southern Agriculture

基　　金：广西农业财政项目(2003~2014)

摘　　要：【目的】分析近十年广西通过审定感光型杂交稻品种的主要病害抗性表现及其发展趋势,为广西感光型杂交稻抗病性育种提供参考。【方法】对2003-2014年通过广西审定的100个感光型杂交稻品种在区试中对稻瘟病和白叶枯病抗性表现进行分析。【结果】2003-2014年通过广西审定的感光型杂交稻品种稻瘟病综合抗性指数平均值总体呈逐年下降趋势,2003-2009年变化范围为7.92-8.75,2010-2014年为6.61-7.50,以2012年最低,为6.61。2003-2014年审定的感光型杂交稻品种对白叶枯病的抗性没有明显改善,对Ⅳ型、Ⅴ型菌的抗性综合指数平均值分别为6.33-7.75和7.00-9.00,其中Ⅳ型菌平均值均低于Ⅴ型菌。此外,44个杂交品种由不育系博A与不同恢复系组配而育成,占总数的44%,其他56个品种由其他35个不育系组配而得,占56%。2003-2007年博A系列组合的稻瘟病抗性综合指数平均值与其他不育系组合无明显差异,两者变化范围均为8.00-8.75;2009-2014年,其他不育系组合的稻瘟病抗性综合指数平均值均低于博A系列组合。2009年后博A所配组合对稻瘟病抗性指数平均值均高于博ⅢA等35个不育系所配的组合。博A所配组合与博ⅢA等35个不育系所配组合对白叶枯病抗性没有明显差异。【结论】近十年间通过广西审定感光型杂交稻品种的稻瘟病抗性逐步提高,而白叶枯病抗性基本没有明显改善。在加强稻瘟病抗性育种的同时,还须重视白叶枯病抗性育种,拓宽遗传基础,提高广西水稻抗病性育种水平。【Objective 】The present study were conducted to analyze the main diseases ＇ resistance performance and developing trend of photosensitive hybrid rice varieties registered in Guangxi during the past decade, in order to provide references for disease resistance breeding. 【Method 】The resistance to rice blast and bacterial leaf blight of 100 photo-sensitive hybrid rice varieties, which were registered in Guangxi from 2003 to 2014, were analyzed according to the data came from Guangxi rice regional trials. 【 Result 】 The results showed that, the average comprehensive resistance index of rice blast showed a decreasing tendency during the past decade; it ranged from 7.92-8.75 during 2003-2009 and 6.61-7.50 during 2010-2014, and the lowest one（6.61） was observed in 2012. There was no obvious improvement in resistance to bacterial leaf blight of 100 hybrid rice varieties during 2003-2014. The comprehensive index of resistance to Ⅳtype andⅤ type of Xanthomonas oryzae pv. Oryzae ranged from 6.33 to 7.75 and from 7.00 to 9.00, respectively. The index of Ⅳ type was lower than that of Ⅴtype in each year. Furthermore, 44 hybrid varieties were derived from male sterile line Bo A combining with different restorers, which was account for 44%; while other 56 varieties were derived from 35 sterile lines, which was account for 56%. For rice blast, there were no significant differences in resistance indices between the hybrids derived from Bo A combinations and the other male sterile lines ＇ combinations during 2003-2007, and all of them ranged from 8.00-8.75. While the resistance indices of hybrids derived from Bo A combinations were higher than those of the other male sterile lines ＇ combinations during 2009-2014. No significant differences were found in resistance to bacterial leaf blight between these hybrids derived from different combi-nations. 【 Conclusion 】 The resistance to rice blast of photosensitive hybrids registered in Guangxi improved gradually during the past decade, while no signific

关 键 词：杂交稻 稻瘟病 白叶枯病 感光型 抗病性育种 广西 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]