辽河流域生态价值评估中WTP与WTA差异性的实证分析  

An Empirical Analysis on the Disparities of WTP and WTA in Ecological Value Assessment of Liaohe River Basin

作　　者：徐大伟[1] 赵云峰[1] 侯铁珊[1] 杨娜[1] 

机构地区：[1]大连理工大学管理与经济学部,辽宁大连116024

出　　处：《数理统计与管理》2015年第1期29-37,共9页Journal of Applied Statistics and Management

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(70973013&71273038);教育部哲学社会科学研究后期资助项目(11JHQ031);辽宁省财政科研基金项目(14C029)

摘　　要：本文以辽河流域作为研究对象,通过实地走访和调研辽河流域的源头一福德店与入海口一盘锦市,采用条件价值法分别对辽河流域居民的生态受偿意愿(WTA)及生态支付意愿(WTP)进行测算,着重探讨WTP与WTA的差异性,分析引起这种差异的社会经济影响因素。本文采用斯皮尔曼法进行相关性分析,发现WTP与WTA的差异性存在着如下特征:一是从WTP与WTA的概率分布来看,二者存在着较大差异;二是从WTP与WTA各自的影响因素来看,WTP受收入的影响而WTA不受收入的影响,收入效应很好地解释了WTA超过WTP的原因;三是WTA与WTP的比值在经验范围以内为2.357;四是引起WTP与WTA差异的社会经济因素有性别、职业和流域生态补偿政策对受访者的影响程度。而对上述特征进行分析后发现惩罚效应和模糊性也是导致辽河流域居民支付意愿和受偿意愿差异的原因。In this paper,we took Liaohe River Basin as a research object,surveyed Pudedian which is the source of trunk stream of Liaohe River Basin,and Panjin city which is the estuary of Liaohe River Basin.We calculated and analyzed the disparity of willingness to pay（WTP） and willingness to accept（WTA） of the respondents among the residents near Liaohe River Basin by using contingent valuation method（CVM）.Next,we also analyzed the socio-economic factors about the disparity of WTP WTA.Using the correlation analysis of Spearman method,we found the disparity characteristics of WTP and WTA as follows：First,the both are quite different from the probability distribution of WTP and WTA.Second,WTP is affected by the income affects of the respondents,rather than WTA.Income effect is very well to explain why WTA is more than WTP.Third,the ratio of WTA and WTP is 2.357.Fourth,the respondents＇ gender,occupation and incidence caused by ecological compensation policies are the key factors that result in the disparity of WTP and WTA.In addition,the punishment effect and the ambiguity of using words are also the other reasons for the disparity of Liaohe River Basin residents＇ WTP and WTA.

关 键 词：支付意愿 受偿意愿 差异性分析 条件价值法 辽河流域 

分 类 号：O212[理学—概率论与数理统计] X171.1[理学—数学]