星敏感器星点聚类提取方法  

Star extraction based on clustering within a star tracker

作　　者：王龙[1] 杨孟飞[2] 钟红军[1] 卢欣[1] 杨君[1] 李晓[1] 余成武[1] 刘婧[1] 梁士通[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京控制工程研究所,北京100190 [2]中国空间技术研究院,北京100094

出　　处：《中国科学：技术科学》2015年第3期257-262,共6页Scientia Sinica(Technologica)

基　　金：国家中长期科技发展规划重大专项资助项目

摘　　要：星敏感器现有的星点提取方法运算时间长、存储需求大,从而限制星敏感器姿态初始捕获时间、轻小化等性能指标的提高.针对以上问题,提出了一种星敏感器星点聚类提取方法.首先,介绍和分析了星点聚类提取方法中的预处理滤波算法和聚类算法;然后,给出了该方法在北京控制工程研究所新研小型星敏感器中的实现方式和实现效果,该星敏感器在探月三期月地高速再入返回飞行器中成功实现了首次在轨飞行实验;最后,通过星敏感器观星实验对星点传统提取方法和星点聚类提取方法进行了比对验证,并通过小型星敏感器在轨飞行实验对星点聚类提取方法进行了在轨验证.实验显示,该方法提取星点所需时间最大约为传统方法的16%,星图存储需求不到传统方法的1%,且星点提取正确,在轨表现良好.结果表明,星敏感器星点聚类提取方法能有效减小星点提取所需时间,不需大容量星图存储器件,且逻辑简单、移植性好,适用于各类光学成像敏感器.The traditional star extraction methods of star tracker need much processing time and large image memory, resulting in slow attitude acquisition and complex electronic circuits. A new star extraction method, star extraction based on clustering, was developed. The analysis of on-line background estimation algorithm and clustering algorithm in the new method was introduced. The method was realized in one of the novel star trackers developed by Beijing Institute of Control Engineering （BICE）, on-board circumlunar return and reentry spacecraft of 3rd phase of China lunar exploration program. According to the house-keeping data packages recorded during on-ground real sky test and the flight mission, the processing time of star extraction was reduced by 84% at least and the image memory was reduced by 99% at least, compared with traditional methods. The results indicated that the star extraction based on clustering had advantages in processing time, memory and migration,which made it possible to realize the method in almost all kinds of optical sensors.

关 键 词：星敏感器 星点提取 像元滤波 聚类 

分 类 号：V448.2[航空宇航科学与技术—飞行器设计]