语用量级与句尾“了”的成句条件  

The Scalar Meaning of Sentential“le”

作　　者：邓川林[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京外国语大学中文学院,北京100089

出　　处：《语言科学》2015年第2期168-180,共13页Linguistic Sciences

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助(2015JJ012)

摘　　要：句尾"了"将语义焦点置于语用量级的较高点,表示该命题在参照时间实现。其完成体用法同"事件-时间"量级相关联,语气用法同"属性-程度"量级相关联。因此句尾"了"可以同表示类似量级关系的焦点敏感副词共现,而排斥量级关系不同的副词。而语用量级的"肯定-否定"倒置原则在这些句式中有着多样化的表现方式。The sentence-final ＂le＂（ 了） is used as a particle indicating perfective meaning showing a time-event scale, and as a modal word showing a property-degree scale. It can co-occur with a focus- sensitive adverb indicating that the related situation is very likely to happen. Thus it can occur with adverbs with the similar scalar meaning. Moreover, the reversal of semantic negativity and affirmativity of pragmatic scales can take various forms with respect to the syntactic characteristics as well as reasoning mechanism.

关 键 词：句尾“了” 焦点敏感副词 量级倒置 语用推理 

分 类 号：H146[语言文字—汉语]