Vital roles of stem cells and biomaterials in skin tissue engineering  

作　　者：Abu Bakar Mohd Hilmi Ahmad Sukari Halim 

机构地区：[1]School of Diagnostic and Biomedicine,Faculty of Health Sciences,Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin [2]Reconstructive Sciences Unit,School of Medical Sciences,Universiti Sains Malaysia

出　　处：《World Journal of Stem Cells》2015年第2期428-436,共9页世界干细胞杂志（英文版）（电子版）

基　　金：Supported by Postgraduate Research Grant Scheme of Universiti Sains Malaysia,No.1001/PPSP/8144012;Techno Fund grant from the Ministry of Science,Technology and Innovation of Malaysia,No.304/PPSP/6150101

摘　　要：Tissue engineering essentially refers to technology for growing new human tissue and is distinct from regenerative medicine. Currently, pieces of skin are already being fabricated for clinical use and many other tissue types may be fabricated in the future.Tissue engineering was first defined in 1987 by the United States National Science Foundation which critically discussed the future targets of bioengineering research and its consequences. The principles of tissue engineering are to initiate cell cultures in vitro, grow them on scaffolds in situ and transplant the composite into a recipient in vivo. From the beginning, scaffolds have been necessary in tissue engineering applications. Regardless, the latest technology has redirected established approaches by omitting scaffolds. Currently, scientists from diverse research institutes are engineering skin without scaffolds. Due to their advantageous properties, stem cells have robustly transformed the tissue engineering field as part of an engineered bilayered skin substitute that will later be discussed in detail. Additionally, utilizing biomaterials or skin replacement products in skin tissue engineering as strategy to successfully direct cell proliferation and differentiation as well as to optimize the safety of handling during grafting is beneficial. This approach has also led to the cells' application in developing the novel skin substitute that will be briefly explained in this review.Tissue engineering essentially refers to technologyfor growing new human tissue and is distinct fromregenerative medicine. Currently, pieces of skin arealready being fabricated for clinical use and manyother tissue types may be fabricated in the future.Tissue engineering was first defined in 1987 by theUnited States National Science Foundation whichcritically discussed the future targets of bioengineeringresearch and its consequences. The principles oftissue engineering are to initiate cell cultures in vitro ,grow them on scaffolds in situ and transplant thecomposite into a recipient in vivo . From the beginning,scaffolds have been necessary in tissue engineeringapplications. Regardless, the latest technology hasredirected established approaches by omitting scaffolds.Currently, scientists from diverse research institutesare engineering skin without scaffolds. Due to theiradvantageous properties, stem cells have robustlytransformed the tissue engineering field as part of anengineered bilayered skin substitute that will later bediscussed in detail. Additionally, utilizing biomaterialsor skin replacement products in skin tissue engineeringas strategy to successfully direct cell proliferation anddifferentiation as well as to optimize the safety ofhandling during grafting is beneficial. This approachhas also led to the cells＇ application in developing thenovel skin substitute that will be briefly explained in thisreview.

关 键 词：HAIR follicle stem cells Skin repair TISSUEENGINEERING CHITOSAN COLLAGEN 

分 类 号：R751[医药卫生—皮肤病学与性病学]