建构报刊合法性:“有闻必录”兴起的另一种认识——从《申报》“杨乃武案”报道谈起  

The Construction of Newspaper Legitimacy:Rethinking the Rise of You Wen Bi Lu

作　　者：操瑞青[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京师范大学新闻与传播学院

出　　处：《新闻与传播研究》2015年第3期99-116,128,共18页Journalism & Communication

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目"中华民国新闻史"(编号:13&ZD154)的相关成果

摘　　要：学界曾数次探讨"有闻必录",有着两点共识:一是该思想兴盛于19世纪80年代,其概念出现于1883年;二是"有闻必录"的兴起源于当时报馆规避言责的需要,具有争取言论自由的价值。本文从《申报》"杨乃武案"报道出发,尝试从另一角度来解读"有闻必录"的兴起,并提出两个观点:一是"有闻必录"在19世纪70年代已较为兴盛,其概念形成不晚于1876年;二是早期"有闻必录"不仅是规避言责的策略,它还发挥了另一更为根本的作用,即建构报刊话语在读者心目中的合法性地位,这与《申报》作为商业报刊的媒体属性有关。最后,文章从报刊与知识的关系角度指出,报刊话语的合法性基础在不同的历史情境下有着不同表征,应当以历史的眼光来审视"有闻必录"的积极意义。There are two accepted views about You Wen Bi Lu.The first one is that the idea flourished in the 1880s and the concept appeared in 1883.The second is that You Wen Bi Lu was invented by newspapers to avoid liabilities.By analyzing reports of the Yang Naiwu Case in ShenBao,the authprs believe that the idea flourished in the 1870s and the concept appeared in 1876.Moreover,there was a very important role for You Wen Bi Lu in late Qing Dynasty,which is that it helped to construct the legitimacy of newspapers.It was related to media properties,namely,a business newspaper.From the perspective of the relationship between the press and knowledge,the authors conclude that the legitimacy of newspapers changes in different historical situations and that You Wen Bi Lu should be understood dialectically.

关 键 词：“有闻必录” “杨乃武案” 《申报》 合法性 话语分析 

分 类 号：G219.29[文化科学—新闻学]