Comparative study of the karyotypes of two species of grasshoppers in the genera Chorthippus Fieber and Euchorthippus Tarbinsky(Orthoptera: Arcypteridae)  

雏蝗属与异爪蝗属二个近缘属蝗虫的染色体核型比较(直翅目:网翅蝗科)（英文）

作　　者：林晨[1] 王宁[2] 高书晶[2] 能乃扎布[1] 

机构地区：[1]内蒙古师范大学生命科学与技术学院,内蒙古呼和浩特010022 [2]中国农业科学院草原研究所,内蒙古呼和浩特010022

出　　处：《Entomotaxonomia》2015年第1期1-7,共7页昆虫分类学报（英文）

基　　金：funded by the Special Fund for Agro-scientific Research in the Public Interest(201003079);Special Fund for Basic Scientific Research Project in the Central Scientific Research Institutes(Institute of Grassland Research of CAAS)(1610332014012);National Natural Science Foundation of China(41301049);the Ministry of Science and Technology of the Republic of China(2013DFR30760)

摘　　要：The chromosome karyotypes of Chorthippus albomarginatus （De Geer） which represents the genus Chorthippus Fieber and Euchorthippus unicolor （Ikonnikov） which represents the genus Euchorthippus Tarbinsky were compared. The chromosome numbers for these two species fit 2n （♂） = 17 = 16 ＋ XO, in which five pairs of autosomal and sex chromosomes are terminal chromosomes, and the other three pairs of autosomes are metacentric chromosomes. This similarity between the two genera indicates that they have a close phylogenetic relationship. However, these two species can be distinguished by their different chromosome formula （CF） and the relative sex chromosome length （RL）. The CF in C. albomarginatus is K （2n,♂） = 6m ＋ 11t = 8L ＋ 4M ＋ 4S ＋ XO, whereas that ofE. unicolor is K （2n, ♂） = 6m ＋ 11t = 8L ＋ 6M ＋ 2S ＋ XO. The relative lengths of sex chromosomes in the two species are different. The sex-chromosome of C. albomarginatus is located at the ninth position and its relative length is 2.96% whereas that ofE. unicolor is at the eighth position and its relative length is 4.26%. These results show that significantly different genetic features exist for the two genera.采用常规染色体制片方法,对雏蝗属的模式种白边雏蝗Chorthippus albomarginatus(De Geer)和异爪蝗属的模式种素色异爪蝗Euchorthippus unicolor(Ikonnikov)的染色体核型进行了分析比较。结果表明,两种蝗虫的染色体数目均为2n(♂)=17=16+XO;常染色体为中部着丝粒(m,6条)和端部着丝粒(t,10条)两种类型,性染色体类型为端部着丝粒。二者的相似性显示出2属具有较近的亲缘关系,并且在进化过程中处于较近的发展阶段。但2种蝗虫的核型公式和染色体的相对长度组成则不相同,白边雏蝗K(2n,♂)=6m+11t=8L+4M+4S+XO;素色异爪蝗K(2n,♂)=6m+11t=8L+6M+2S+XO;且2种蝗虫性染色体的位次也有明显差别,白边雏蝗的性染色体为第9位,而素色异爪蝗则为第8位。由此看出,该2属的蝗虫存在的不同遗传特征。

关 键 词：Arcypterinae Chromosomes karyotype 

分 类 号：Q969[生物学—昆虫学]