大型地下洞库深孔垂直预裂与水平光面相结合爆破掘进技术  

Excavation by “Vertical Deep Hole Pre-splitting Blasting and Horizontal Hole Smooth Blasting” Applied in Construction of a Large Underground Cavern

作　　者：温新亮[1] 赵康林[1] 

机构地区：[1]中铁隧道集团二处有限公司,河北三河065201

出　　处：《隧道建设》2015年第3期262-267,共6页Tunnel Construction

摘　　要：在路基开挖和矿山开采过程中,垂直深孔预裂爆破已得到较为广泛的应用,但在大型地下洞库开挖工程中应用较少。地下大型洞库采用预裂爆破后易产生大块及底板不平顺等问题进而影响平行作业及装渣效率。为了加快施工进度、降低作业成本,通过设计合理的爆破参数并结合水平光面爆破技术,提出一种"预裂成形+垂直深孔爆破掘进+水平光面清底"相结合的爆破方法,文章从钻孔孔径、钻孔深度、孔距和排距方面介绍了洞库的爆破设计方案,并对主爆孔、预裂孔、缓冲孔的单孔药设计及各炮孔的装药结构和堵塞段的设计进行了介绍,有效解决了单独使用预裂爆破时易产生大块及底板不平顺等问题,提高了作业效率,并取得良好的使用效果,对类似工程有一定借鉴意义。Vertical deep hole pr-splitting blasting has been widely used in subgrade cutting and mining,however,due to the big muck pieces and the unsmooth floor,it has been little used in the construction of large underground caverns.A new blasting method,which combines the vertical deep hole pre-splitting blasting and horizontal hole smooth blasting,is proposed for the construction of a large underground cavern on basis of horizontal hole smooth blasting technology and rational blasting parameters,so as to speed up the construction and reduce the construction costs.In the paper,the diameter,length,spacing,charging and stemming of the blasting holes are presented.The blasting practice shows that, due to the application of the new technologies presented above,the problem of big muck pieces and unsmooth floor has been solved,the construction efficiency has been improved and good effect has been achieved.The paper can provide reference for other similar projects in the future.

关 键 词：地下大型洞库 垂直深孔预裂爆破 水平光面爆破 爆破参数设计 大块率 爆破成形质量 底板平顺 

分 类 号：U455[建筑科学—桥梁与隧道工程]