生态清洁型小流域建设供需水量研究  

The Study of Water Demand and Supply in Building Ecological and Clean-type Small Watersheds

作　　者：李琰[1] 徐征和[1,2] 孔珂[1] 牛明慧[1] 

机构地区：[1]济南大学资源与环境学院,济南250002 [2]山东省地下水数值模拟与污染控制中心,济南250022

出　　处：《中国农村水利水电》2015年第3期79-83,共5页China Rural Water and Hydropower

基　　金：水利部公益性行业科研专项项目(201201114);山东省重大应用技术创新课题(2011139);济南市水利科技项目(济水发[2013]378号);水利部公益性行业科研专项项目(201201115)

摘　　要：水资源优化配置是建设生态清洁型小流域的重要措施之一。以栖龙湾小流域为例,在水资源一次供需平衡的基础上,利用PHABS IM模型和彭曼公式计算生态需水量,将生态需水量纳入二次平衡计算中,得出生态清洁型小流域目标下的水资源供需关系。针对当地农业现状,以詹森模型和土壤湿润层水量平衡方程为基础建立了农业灌溉优化模型,推求出了优化灌溉方案,经再次平衡分析表明该方案能大大降低缺水率,可以为栖龙湾清洁型小流域建设提供水源保障。Water resources optimal allocation is the main way to conserve water resources and the important protection of the ecological and clean small watershed construction.This paper takes the Bay of Qilong small watershed as an example,based on the coordination of supply and demand of the existing small watershed water resources,PHABS IM mode and Penman formula is used to calculate the ecological water requirement.Then it takes ecological water requirement into the calculation of water resources demand,and makes the second-time balance calculation.The second-time balanced water is more suitable for the local present situation of water resources.Next step is to deduct the water distribution equation of the optimization model of crop and the water balance equation of the moist soil.According to the water shortage calculated by the equations and the second-time balance,we can make the optimal allocation of agricultural water in the Bay of Qilong small watershed,and adjust the agricultural irrigation system in order to alleviate the local water shortage and provide the water source protection for the ecological and clean small watershed construction in the Bay of Qilong small watershed.

关 键 词：清洁型小流域 供需平衡 优化配置 

分 类 号：TV214[水利工程—水文学及水资源]