有机硅/蒙脱土复合改性聚氨酯弹性体的制备和性能  

Preparation and Properties of Polyurethane Elastomer Composites Modified by Polydimethylsiloxane and Organic-montmorillonite

作　　者：夏侯国论[1,2,3] 刘伟区[1,2] 谭建权[1,2,3] 王红蕾[1,2,3] 何导 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院广州化学研究所,广州510650 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [3]中国科学院纤维素化学重点实验室,广州510650

出　　处：《高分子学报》2015年第4期444-450,共7页Acta Polymerica Sinica

基　　金：粤港关键领域重点项目(项目号2012A080107018)资助

摘　　要：采用先将聚醚三元醇N330与有机蒙脱土(OMMT)研磨,制得N330/OMMT复合物,再将其与有机硅改性聚氨酯的预聚体混合的方法,以二甲硫基甲苯二胺(DMTDA)为固化剂,制备了有机硅/蒙脱土复合改性聚氨酯弹性体,并用FTIR对产物结构进行了表征.XRD和TEM表明,蒙脱土片层被撑开,并分散在基体中;SEM显示,加入蒙脱土后,有机硅与聚氨酯之间的相容性提高;TGA表明,有机硅和OMMT共同改性聚氨酯后,其耐热性比有机硅单一改性聚氨酯有所提高,并在OMMT含量为5 wt%时提高最大;DSC数据表明,在OMMT含量为5 wt%时,有机硅/蒙脱土复合改性聚氨酯弹性体的Tg明显升高.复合改性材料具有良好的表面性能和力学性能,其拉伸强度、断裂伸长率和硬度在OMMT含量为3 wt%时达到最大值.A novel polyurethane elastomer composite modified by polydimethylsiloxane and organicmontmorillonite was prepared by the following three steps ： （ 1 ） grind the mixture of polyether triol N330 and organic-montmorillonite （OMMT） to obtain N330/OMMT compound, （2） mix the N330/OMMT compound with the polyurethane prepolymer modified by hydroxypropyl terminated polydimethylsiloxane （HTPDMS） and （3） cure the mixture of step two with dimethylthiotoluenediamine （DMTDA）. The structures of the products were characterized by Fourier transform infrared （FTIR） spectrum. X-ray diffraction （XRD） and transmission electron microscopy （TEM） studies showed that galleries of the clay were expanded and the silicate layers were dispersed in the polyurethane matrix. Scanning electron microscopy （SEM） demonstrated that OMMT promoted the compatibility of PU phase and PDMS phase. Thermo-gravimetric analysis （TGA） data indicated that the HTPDMS/OMMT/polyurethane nanocomposites have better thermal stability in comparison with the HTPDMS modified polyurethane, when the OMMT content was 5 wt%, the thermal stability of the nanocomposite reached its maximum. Differential scanning calorimetry （DSC） data revealed that the glass transition temperature （Tg） of the composite modified polyurethane showed significant increase upon using 5 wt% of OMMT. The nanoeomposites also showed good surface properties and mechanical properties, and the maximal values of tensile strength,elongation at break and hardness occurred at 3 wt% OMMT concentration.

关 键 词：聚氨酯 有机硅 蒙脱土 复合改性 插层 

分 类 号：TQ334[化学工程—橡胶工业]