丙醇-硫氰化钾-氯化钠-水体系析相萃取分离铂  

Phase extraction separation of platinum with n-propanol-potassium thiocyanate-sodium chloride-water system

作　　者：李玉玲[1] 司学芝[2] 马冬冬[1] 马万山[1] 

机构地区：[1]信阳师范学院化学化工学院,河南信阳464000 [2]河南工业大学化学化工学院,河南郑州450052

出　　处：《冶金分析》2015年第3期77-80,共4页Metallurgical Analysis

基　　金：河南省教育厅自然科学研究计划项目(2006150023)

摘　　要：研究了铂在丙醇-硫氰化钾-氯化钠-水体系中的析相萃取行为及与一些金属离子分离的条件。结果表明,丙醇的水溶液在氯化钠的作用下可分成醇/水两相,在分相过程中,Pt (Ⅳ) 与硫氰化钾生成的[Pt(SCN)6]2-可与质子化的丙醇[PrOH2]+形成离子缔合物[Pt(SCN)6]2-·2[PrOH2]+而被丙醇相完全萃取。当溶液中丙醇、硫氰化钾和氯化钠分别为30%(V/V)、6.0×102-mol/L和0.16g/mL时,Pt (Ⅳ) 的萃取率达到98.2%以上,而试液中的Mo(Ⅵ)、Ce (Ⅲ)、Ni(Ⅱ)、V(Ⅴ)、Cr(Ⅲ)、Ag(Ⅰ)、Mn(Ⅱ)、Mg(Ⅱ)、Cd(Ⅱ)、Ga(Ⅲ)、Fe(Ⅱ)和Al(Ⅲ)几乎不被萃取,从而实现了Pt(Ⅳ)与这些金属离子的分离。方法应用于Ni-Pt/Al2O3催化剂中铂的分离萃取和测定,测得结果与参考值基本一致,相对标准偏差(RSD,n=5)为2.3%。The behavior and conditions for phase extraction separation of platinum from other metal ions in n-propanol-potassium thiocyanate-sodium chloride-water system were investigated. The results showed that the aqueous solution of n-propanol could be divided into two phases with the effect of sodium chloride, and in the phase separation process, the [Pt（SCN）6]^2 formed by Pt（Ⅳ） and potassium thiocyanate reached with protonated [PrOH2]＋ to form [Pt（SCN）6]^2-· 2 [PrOH2]＋ ionic associate which could be completely extracted with n-propanol phase. When the concentrations of n-propanol, potassium thiocyanate and sodi um chloride in the solution were 30%（V/V）, 6.0×10^-2 mol/L and 0.16 g/mL, respectively. The extrac- tion yield of Pt（IV） was more than 98.2%. Mo（Ⅳ）.Ce（Ⅲ）.Ni（Ⅱ）.V（Ⅴ）.Cr（Ⅲ）.Ag（Ⅰ）.Mn（Ⅱ）.Mg（Ⅱ）.Cd（Ⅱ）.Ga（Ⅲ）.Fe （Ⅱ） and Al（Ⅲ） in the solution could not be extracted, realizing the separation of Pt（1g） from these metal ions. The method has been applied to the extraction separation and determination of platinum in the sample of Ni-Pt/Al2O3 catalyst, and the results were consist with reference values with the relative standard devia tion（RSD,n=5） of 2.3%.

关 键 词：铂 丙醇 硫氰化钾 萃取分离 氯化钠 

分 类 号：TF833[冶金工程—有色金属冶金]