城市纯电动汽车发展模式论证方法  

A Development Pattern Argumentation Method for Battery Electric Vehicles in Cities

作　　者：刘文霞[1] 张蕾蕾[1] 刘宗歧[1] 贺健[2] 

机构地区：[1]华北电力大学输配电系统研究所,北京市102206 [2]北京市城市规划设计研究院,北京市100045

出　　处：《电力系统自动化》2014年第24期34-40,共7页Automation of Electric Power Systems

基　　金：国家高技术研究发展计划(863计划)资助项目(2011AA05A109)~~

摘　　要：电动汽车的大规模发展,已成为一种必然趋势。影响和制约电动汽车发展的因素主要为蓄电池的储能量、经济成本以及公用基础配套设施。电动汽车常用充电模式的选择有3种,常规充电、更换电池和快速充电,其中快速充电目前仅一种应急措施,用于对前2种模式的补充。选择不同的充电模式,将对充电经济成本、充电基础设施以及对电网产生不同的影响,故为确定各城市或地区适用的电动汽车发展运营模式,针对充电模式评价与选择,基于实践应用和理论优化两个层面对电动汽车的两种主流充电模式——插充模式和换电模式的社会效益、经济效益、技术性、安全和电网影响5个方面进行综合分析,提出相适应的指标评价方法,并用算例进行计算验证了评价体系的合理有效性。In recent years, it has become an inevitable trend to popularize electric vehicles （EV）. And the factors affecting and restricting large-scale development of EVs are battery energy storage, economic costs and public infrastructure facilities. At present, EVs have ordinarily three kinds of charging mode options ： plug-in charging, battery replacement and fast charging, of which fast charging is but an emergency measure for the first two. Choosing different charging modes will have different influence on the economic costs, charging infrastructure and the grid. Therefore, to determine EV development and operating modes applicable to different cities; and areas, for the sake of evaluation and selection of suitable charging modes, and based on practical application and theoretical optimization, a comprehensive analysis is made and an adaptive multiple parameter evaluation method proposed, to comprehensively analyze the first two charging modes with respect to social benefits, economic benefits, technical and safety, and grid influence. Technical support is provided to each city and area to explore an appropriate EV development mode. This method is verified toward the end of the article.

关 键 词：电动汽车 运营模式 充电模式 指标评价 层次分析法 逼近理想解排序法 

分 类 号：U469.72[机械工程—车辆工程]